Nokea
Which action directly resulted from the contribution made by Linda Richards?
- A. Using an antiseptic before administering an injection
- B. Exploring the psychosocial needs of the patient
- C. Documenting patient care in the medical record
- D. Listening to a patient describe his or her symptoms
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because Linda Richards was the first professionally trained nurse in the United States and she established the practice of documenting patient care in medical records. This action is directly linked to her contribution as it improved the organization and continuity of patient care. Exploring psychosocial needs (B) and listening to patient symptoms (D) are important nursing practices, but they were not specifically attributed to Linda Richards. Using antiseptic before injections (A) is important for infection control, but it was not directly related to Linda Richards' contribution.
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Who were the first public health nurses who provided care for the sick and the poor?
- A. The Presbyterian Church
- B. Salerno
- C. Jewish scholars
- D. Convent deaconesses
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Convent deaconesses. They were the first public health nurses providing care for the sick and poor in the early centuries. They were trained and devoted to serving the community, establishing the foundation for modern public health nursing. The other choices, A: The Presbyterian Church, B: Salerno, and C: Jewish scholars, are incorrect as they do not align with the historical context of the first public health nurses.
What skills are required for an LPN to successfully manage care?
- A. The ability to organize and prioritize tasks
- B. The ability to work weekends and off shifts
- C. The ability to develop a comprehensive care plan
- D. Close relationship with the supervising RN
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To successfully manage care as an LPN, one must possess the ability to organize and prioritize tasks. This skill is crucial in ensuring efficient and effective care delivery, as it helps in planning, coordinating, and addressing patient needs in a timely manner. While the other choices may also be important in certain contexts, the key skill required for care management is the ability to organize and prioritize tasks. Working weekends and off shifts (Choice B) may be part of the job requirement but is not a skill. Developing a comprehensive care plan (Choice C) is important but falls more under the domain of care planning rather than day-to-day care management. Having a close relationship with the supervising RN (Choice D) is beneficial for collaboration but is not a standalone skill required for managing care.
In an underdeveloped country, the nurse observes the natives lighting ritual fires and pounding on primitive drums around the sick person to promote recovery. The nurse interprets this behavior as indicating the natives believe illness results from which items?
- A. Pathogens and genetics
- B. Evil spirits
- C. Tides and planets
- D. Plants and animals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Evil spirits. The natives believe in a spiritual or supernatural cause of illness, as evidenced by their rituals involving fires and drums to ward off or appease evil spirits. This belief aligns with cultural practices in many underdeveloped countries where illness is often attributed to spiritual factors rather than pathogens or genetics (choice A), tides and planets (choice C), or plants and animals (choice D). The rituals surrounding the sick person suggest a belief in the influence of evil spirits on health, making option B the most appropriate choice.
In a unionized hospital, nurses receive compensatory pay for working holidays based on the hours worked with no extra compensation. Despite management refusing to consider changes to the compensatory pay system suggested by nurses during the annual employee satisfaction survey, a trend member listened to both parties and made non-legally binding recommendations. What is this type of settlement known as?
- A. Collective bargaining
- B. Mediation
- C. Grievance
- D. Binding arbitration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Mediation. Mediation is a voluntary process where a neutral third party helps facilitate communication and negotiation between conflicting parties to reach a mutually acceptable agreement. In this scenario, the trend member listened to both parties and made non-legally binding recommendations, which aligns with the definition of mediation. Collective bargaining (A) involves negotiations between labor unions and management to reach a legally binding collective agreement. Grievance (C) is a formal complaint resolution process within the organization. Binding arbitration (D) is a process where a neutral third party makes a final and binding decision to resolve a dispute. In this case, the involvement of a trend member making non-legally binding recommendations indicates the use of mediation as the type of settlement.
Which role is not appropriate for the LPN to participate in?
- A. Administering medications
- B. Dressing changes
- C. Designing a research study
- D. Reporting patient changes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Designing a research study is not typically within the scope of practice for a Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN). LPNs are primarily involved in providing direct patient care, such as administering medications, performing dressing changes, and reporting patient changes. Designing research studies usually requires advanced education and training beyond what an LPN receives, making it an inappropriate role for an LPN to participate in.