Nokea
Which action represents a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Screening for hypertension
- B. Providing immunizations
- C. Offering rehabilitation services
- D. Administering antibiotics for infections
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Secondary prevention aims to detect and treat diseases early to prevent complications.
Step 2: Screening for hypertension identifies high blood pressure before symptoms develop.
Step 3: Early detection allows for timely intervention to prevent further health issues.
Step 4: Providing immunizations (Choice B) is a primary prevention strategy.
Step 5: Offering rehabilitation services (Choice C) is a tertiary prevention strategy.
Step 6: Administering antibiotics for infections (Choice D) is a treatment, not prevention.
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How do social determinants impact health?
- A. They directly affect health behaviors and outcomes.
- B. They primarily influence genetic predisposition.
- C. They have minimal impact on overall health.
- D. They determine access to health resources.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because social determinants, such as income, education, and social support, directly affect health behaviors and outcomes. For example, lower income levels may limit access to nutritious food or healthcare services, leading to poorer health outcomes. Choices B and C are incorrect because social determinants play a larger role than genetic predisposition and have a significant impact on overall health. Choice D is incorrect because while social determinants can influence access to health resources, their impact goes beyond just determining access.
What action is essential for a community health nurse to assess environmental health risks?
- A. Collecting data on community health behaviors
- B. Conducting health screenings
- C. Assessing workplaces for potential hazards
- D. Monitoring air and water quality
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, monitoring air and water quality. This is essential for a community health nurse to assess environmental health risks because it directly evaluates potential hazards in the community. Monitoring air and water quality enables identification of pollutants that can impact the health of individuals living in the community. Collecting data on community health behaviors (A) focuses more on individual lifestyle choices rather than environmental risks. Conducting health screenings (B) is important for assessing individual health status, not environmental risks. Assessing workplaces for potential hazards (C) is crucial for occupational health but not directly related to community environmental health risks.
Which action exemplifies primary prevention in a community setting?
- A. Administering vaccines to children
- B. Screening for early signs of disease
- C. Offering support groups for chronic illness management
- D. Providing treatment for infectious diseases
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease before it starts. Administering vaccines to children is a classic example as it helps build immunity against infectious diseases, reducing the chances of outbreaks. This action directly addresses the root cause of the problem by preventing the disease from occurring in the first place. Screening for early signs of disease (B) is secondary prevention as it aims to detect and treat the disease in its early stages. Offering support groups for chronic illness management (C) and providing treatment for infectious diseases (D) are both forms of tertiary prevention, focusing on managing and treating the disease after it has already developed.
What is a major barrier to accessing health care services?
- A. Cultural differences
- B. High cost of services
- C. Lack of transportation
- D. Long wait times
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: High cost of services. This is a major barrier as it can prevent individuals from seeking necessary healthcare due to financial constraints. Lack of affordability directly impacts access to care more significantly than the other options. Cultural differences (A) can be addressed with culturally competent care. Lack of transportation (C) can be overcome with community transportation programs. Long wait times (D) can be frustrating but do not necessarily prevent access like high costs do.
Which best describes a tertiary prevention strategy?
- A. Providing rehabilitation services
- B. Screening for early signs of disease
- C. Educating the public about healthy lifestyles
- D. Offering health education workshops
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing rehabilitation services. Tertiary prevention focuses on minimizing the impact of a disease or condition through rehabilitation and support services after it has already occurred. This includes efforts to prevent further complications and improve quality of life. Screening for early signs of disease (B) is part of secondary prevention, while educating the public about healthy lifestyles (C) and offering health education workshops (D) are primary prevention strategies aimed at preventing the onset of health issues in the first place.