Nokea
Which action should the nurse implement when providing wound care instructions to a client who does not speak English?
- A. Ask an interpreter to provide wound care instructions.
- B. Speak directly to the client, with an interpreter translating.
- C. Request the accompanying family member to translate.
- D. Instruct a bilingual employee to read the instructions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When providing wound care instructions to a client who does not speak English, the nurse should speak directly to the client with the assistance of an interpreter for accurate translation. The interpreter is trained to provide objective translations in the client's primary language, ensuring the client understands the instructions and can ask questions. Using family members for translation is discouraged as they may alter instructions or feel uncomfortable discussing certain topics. Instructing a bilingual employee to read the instructions is not ideal as they may lack the necessary training in accurate interpretation, which could lead to misunderstandings in crucial wound care instructions.
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Which of the following is an example of passive aggression?
- A. Clenched fists
- B. Yelling
- C. Jealousy
- D. Intimidation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Passive aggression involves expressing negative feelings indirectly, such as through subtle actions or behaviors. While choices A, B, and D involve more direct and aggressive expressions of anger, jealousy is an example of passive aggression where negative emotions are subtly displayed without openly confronting the issue. Jealousy can manifest as resentment, envy, or possessiveness, and is a common form of passive aggression in interpersonal relationships.
An increase in the neurotransmitter dopamine is associated with which of the following illnesses?
- A. Schizophrenia
- B. Depression
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. Anxiety
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An increase in the neurotransmitter dopamine is associated with schizophrenia. Dopamine dysregulation is linked to some symptoms of schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and delusions. Depression (choice B) is more commonly associated with abnormalities in serotonin and norepinephrine. Alzheimer's disease (choice C) is primarily characterized by deficits in acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters. Anxiety disorders (choice D) are often linked to imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and GABA, rather than dopamine.
What step should be taken when administering ear drops to an adult client?
- A. Place the client in a side-lying position.
- B. Hold the dropper 1 cm above the ear canal.
- C. Place a cotton ball into the outermost canal.
- D. Pull the auricle down and back.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct step when administering ear drops to an adult client is to place the client in a side-lying position (A). This position allows for easier administration of the drops and helps prevent spillage. The dropper should be held approximately 1 cm (½ inch) above the ear canal (B) to ensure accurate delivery of the medication. Placing a cotton ball into the outermost canal (C) is unnecessary and may interfere with the absorption of the ear drops. Pulling the auricle down and back (D) is a technique used for children younger than 3 years old to straighten the ear canal, but it is not necessary for adults and may cause discomfort.
During a discussion about glaucoma at the community center, which comment by one of the retirees would the nurse give a supportive comment to reinforce correct information?
- A. I usually avoid driving at night since lights sometimes seem to make things blur.''
- B. I take half of the usual dose for my sinuses to maintain my blood pressure.''
- C. I have to sit at the side of the pool with the grandchildren since I can't swim with this eye problem.''
- D. I take extra fiber and drink lots of water to avoid getting constipated.''
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is ''I take extra fiber and drink lots of water to avoid getting constipated.'' In individuals with glaucoma, activities that involve straining, such as constipation, should be avoided as they can increase intraocular pressure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not align with the management of glaucoma. Driving at night or taking sinus medication are not directly related to glaucoma, and sitting by the pool due to an eye problem does not provide information relevant to managing glaucoma.
Which of the following is an example of neurofeedback used with a child diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder (RAD)?
- A. A child's brain waves are monitored through electrodes placed on the scalp
- B. Parents give their child a sticker when he behaves appropriately
- C. A child uses a sand tray to draw shapes and release stress while talking with a nurse
- D. Parents or a nurse hold a child close during play until he becomes angry enough to unleash his rage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neurofeedback is a form of treatment that may be used for children diagnosed with reactive attachment disorder (RAD). Neurofeedback involves attaching electrodes to the scalp in a method similar to an EEG. The child's brainwaves are then monitored while being exposed to positive images or games to produce positive brain patterns. Choice A is the correct answer as it describes the process of neurofeedback, which is a common therapeutic approach for managing RAD. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly involve monitoring brain waves through electrodes to provide feedback for brain pattern adjustments, which is the core concept of neurofeedback therapy.