Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System Related

Review Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Respiratory System related questions and content

Which action should the nurse in the hypertension clinic take to obtain an accurate baseline blood pressure (BP) for a new client?

  • A. Deflate the BP cuff at a rate of 30 mm Hg per second.
  • B. Have the client sit in a chair with the feet flat on the floor.
  • C. Assist the client to the supine position for BP measurements.
  • D. Obtain two BP readings in the dominant arm and average the results.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because having the client sit in a chair with feet flat on the floor is the recommended position for accurate baseline BP measurement. This position ensures proper alignment of the heart and the cuff, reducing errors caused by arm positioning. Choice A is incorrect as deflating the cuff at a rate of 30 mm Hg per second is not related to obtaining an accurate baseline BP measurement. Choice C is incorrect as measuring BP in the supine position can lead to inaccurate readings due to changes in blood flow dynamics. Choice D is incorrect as obtaining two BP readings in the dominant arm and averaging the results may not provide an accurate baseline BP measurement due to variations in BP readings between arms.

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The client with which of the following types of lung cancer metastasizes quickly?

  • A. Adenocarcinoma
  • B. Oat cell
  • C. Squamous cell
  • D. Bronchial carcinoids
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oat cell. Oat cell (small cell) lung cancer metastasizes quickly due to its aggressive nature, high growth rate, and early dissemination to distant sites. This type of cancer is known for its rapid spread to other organs, leading to poor prognosis. Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell, and bronchial carcinoids have a slower metastatic rate compared to oat cell lung cancer. Adenocarcinoma tends to metastasize to the lymph nodes and other organs over time, while squamous cell typically spreads locally within the lung tissue. Bronchial carcinoids are slow-growing tumors with a lower propensity for rapid metastasis compared to oat cell lung cancer.

Residual volume of the lung is

  • A. 1200 ml
  • B. 1500 ml
  • C. 4500 ml
  • D. 500 ml
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1200 ml. Residual volume is the amount of air left in the lungs after maximum expiration. It is around 1200 ml because it cannot be exhaled due to lung elasticity. Choice B (1500 ml) is incorrect as it is higher than the normal range. Choice C (4500 ml) is incorrect as it is too high for residual volume. Choice D (500 ml) is incorrect as it is too low for residual volume.

Carina is the point where ...... divided

  • A. Trachea
  • B. bronchi
  • C. larynx
  • D. none of them
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Trachea. Carina is the point where the trachea is divided into the left and right primary bronchi. This anatomical landmark is located at the lower end of the trachea where it bifurcates into the bronchi. The other choices, B: bronchi and C: larynx, are incorrect because the trachea is the structure that is divided at the carina, not the bronchi or larynx. Choice D: none of them is also incorrect because the trachea is indeed divided at the carina. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it accurately describes the anatomical location where the trachea divides.

A nurse teaches a client who had a supraglottic laryngectomy. Which technique would the nurse teach the client to prevent aspiration?

  • A. Tilt the head back as far as possible when swallowing.
  • B. Swallow twice while bearing down.
  • C. Breathe slowly and deeply while swallowing.
  • D. Keep the head very still and straight while swallowing.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Swallow twice while bearing down. This technique helps close the trachea during swallowing to prevent aspiration. Swallowing twice initiates a double swallow, which helps clear the throat and reduce the risk of food or liquid entering the airway. Tilt the head back (A), breathing slowly and deeply (C), and keeping the head still and straight (D) do not directly address the risk of aspiration in a client with a supraglottic laryngectomy.

What is the least successful treatment for laryngeal cancer?

  • A. Surgical treatment
  • B. Radical neck dissection
  • C. Radiation therapy with surgery
  • D. Chemotherapy
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chemotherapy alone is generally less effective for laryngeal cancer compared to surgical treatment, radiation therapy, or combinations thereof. A (surgical treatment) and C (radiation therapy with surgery) are more successful. B (radical neck dissection) is a specific surgical approach but still more effective than chemotherapy alone.

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