Nokea
Which action will the public health nurse perform when conducting an ethical community study?
- A. Require each participant who provides informed consent to complete the study.
- B. Obtain informed consent only from vulnerable populations.
- C. Get informed consent only if the risks of participating in the study are high.
- D. Obtain informed consent from each participant in the study.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because obtaining informed consent from each participant in the study is a fundamental ethical principle in research involving human subjects. This process ensures that participants are fully informed about the study, its risks, benefits, and their rights before agreeing to participate. This protects their autonomy and respects their right to make an informed decision about taking part in the study. Requiring each participant to provide informed consent also promotes transparency and trust between researchers and participants. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not uphold the principle of obtaining informed consent from each participant, which is essential for ethical research conduct.
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A nurse on a medical surgical unit is performing medication reconciliation for a newly admitted client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Compare the client's list of home medications to the admission prescriptions written for the client
- B. Working with community groups to create policies to improve the environment
- C. Recognizing the reasons why 30 minutes of walking each day is one of the best health promotion activities
- D. Asking community leaders what interventions should be chosen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because medication reconciliation involves comparing the client's list of home medications with the admission prescriptions to ensure accuracy and prevent medication errors. This step is crucial in identifying any discrepancies or omissions in the client's medication regimen. Choice B is incorrect as it pertains to community policy development, unrelated to medication reconciliation. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on health promotion activities, not medication reconciliation. Choice D is incorrect as it involves seeking community leaders' input, not relevant to medication reconciliation.
A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who requests assistance with smoking cessation. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following medications?
- A. Naltrexone
- B. Chlordiazepoxide
- C. Clonidine
- D. Bupropion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bupropion. Bupropion is an antidepressant that is also FDA-approved for smoking cessation. It works by reducing nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Naltrexone (A) is used for alcohol and opioid dependence, not smoking cessation. Chlordiazepoxide (B) is a benzodiazepine used for alcohol withdrawal. Clonidine (C) is used to manage withdrawal symptoms in opioid and alcohol dependence, not specifically for smoking cessation. Therefore, Bupropion is the most appropriate choice for assisting the client with smoking cessation.
Why is there an increasing use of home monitoring devices? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Rising number of people with acute conditions
- B. Increased need to deliver healthcare to medically underserved populations
- C. Advances in technology to assess clients' conditions in their home
- D. Performing assessments in real time using Internet video systems
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the rising number of people with acute conditions necessitates continuous monitoring, which can be efficiently achieved through home monitoring devices. This enables healthcare providers to closely track and manage patients' health remotely. Choice B is incorrect as the increased need to deliver healthcare to medically underserved populations may lead to other solutions, not necessarily home monitoring devices. Choice C is incorrect because advancements in technology benefit various aspects of healthcare, not just home monitoring devices. Choice D is incorrect as real-time assessments using Internet video systems are just one of the many methods for monitoring patients, not exclusive to home monitoring devices.
Which environmental health activity would the nurse perform while engaged in the core public health function of assurance?
- A. Educating the community about the need to boil contaminated drinking water
- B. Collecting data about health issues related to contaminated drinking water
- C. Developing polices to regulate the discharge of pollutants into the waterways
- D. Assessing measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessing measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water. This activity falls under the assurance function as it involves ensuring that appropriate measures are in place to protect the community from health risks associated with contaminated water. By assessing these measures, the nurse is actively working to reduce the community's exposure to harmful contaminants, thereby fulfilling the role of assuring the public's health.
A: Educating the community about the need to boil contaminated drinking water falls under the core function of education rather than assurance.
B: Collecting data about health issues related to contaminated drinking water is a part of the assessment function, not assurance.
C: Developing policies to regulate the discharge of pollutants into the waterways is more aligned with the policy development function rather than assurance.
In summary, the correct answer focuses on actively evaluating and implementing measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water, which directly contributes to the assurance function of environmental health.
Why has there been an increase in the number of acute and chronically ill people residingin the community who need professional nursing care?
- A. Shorter length of stay in long-term care facilities
- B. Increase in ambulatory surgery
- C. Decrease in the use of outpatient clinics
- D. Increase in length of stay in emergency departments
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Shorter length of stay in long-term care facilities
Rationale: Shorter stays in long-term care facilities mean patients are discharged sooner, leading to more individuals with acute and chronic illnesses needing nursing care in the community. This trend results in an increased demand for professional nursing care outside of traditional care settings.
Summary:
Choice B (Increase in ambulatory surgery) does not directly relate to the increase in the number of ill people residing in the community, as ambulatory surgery focuses on outpatient procedures.
Choice C (Decrease in the use of outpatient clinics) would actually lead to fewer individuals seeking care in the community, thus not explaining the increase in nursing care needs.
Choice D (Increase in length of stay in emergency departments) is unlikely to result in more individuals needing professional nursing care in the community, as emergency departments typically deal with acute issues that are either resolved or require hospitalization.