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Which activity increases the risk of renal calculi?
- A. High fluid intake.
- B. Sedentary lifestyle.
- C. Low-sodium diet.
- D. Frequent urination.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sedentary lifestyle promotes urinary stasis, increasing stone risk.
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Which of the following factors would have the least influence on the survival and effectiveness of a burn victim's porcine grafts?
- A. Absence of infection in the wounds.
- B. Adequate vascularization in the grafted area.
- C. Immobilization of the area being grafted.
- D. Use of analgesics as necessary for pain relief.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Analgesics manage pain but do not directly affect graft survival. Infection control, vascularization, and immobilization are critical for graft adherence and effectiveness.
At what time of day should the nurse encourage a client with Parkinson's disease to schedule the most demanding physical activities to minimize the effects of hypokinesia?
- A. Early in the morning, when the client's energy level is high.
- B. To coincide with the peak action of drug therapy.
- C. Immediately after a rest period.
- D. When family members will be available.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scheduling activities during peak drug action (e.g., levodopa) maximizes mobility and reduces hypokinesia. Morning energy, rest periods, or family availability are less directly tied to symptom control.
In the early postoperative period after a bilateral adrenalectomy, the client has an increased temperature. The nurse should assess the client further for signs of:
- A. Dehydration.
- B. Poor lung expansion.
- C. Wound infection.
- D. Urinary tract infection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An increased temperature post-adrenalectomy suggests wound infection, a common postoperative complication requiring prompt assessment.
The nurse is caring for a client with angle-closure glaucoma. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate from the primary healthcare provider (PHCP)?
- A. timolol
- B. hydroxyzine
- C. phenylephrine
- D. imipramine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Timolol, a beta-blocker, reduces intraocular pressure in angle-closure glaucoma by decreasing aqueous humor production. Hydroxyzine, phenylephrine, and imipramine are not used for this condition.
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the emergency department. Which of the following respiratory patterns requires immediate action?
- A. Deep, rapid respirations with long expirations.
- B. Shallow respirations alternating with long expirations.
- C. Regular depth of respirations with frequent pauses.
- D. Short expirations and inspirations.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul respirations) indicate diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention.