Nokea
Which anemia is hypochromic and microcytic?
- A. Anemia result of G6PD deficiency
- B. Iron deficiency anemia
- C. Thalassemia
- D. Anemia of chronic diseases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: G6PD deficiency causes normocytic, normochromic anemia; iron deficiency is microcytic and hypochromic.
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Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism may occur under which condition?
- A. Multiple deficiency of pituitary hormones
- B. Kalman's syndrome
- C. Turner syndrome
- D. Radiotherapy of the testicles in boys
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Turner syndrome causes ovarian failure with high gonadotrophins.
A 3-year-old boy with 'coca cola' colored urine and periorbital edema 3 weeks after scarlet fever most likely has:
- A. Minimal change disease
- B. Membranous nephropathy
- C. Henoch-Schönlein nephritis
- D. Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Post-streptococcal GN follows scarlet fever.
A 13 year old girl is admitted to the ER with lower right abdominal discomfort. The admitting nursing should take which of the following measures first?
- A. Administer Loritab to the patient for pain relief.
- B. Place the patient in right sidelying position for pressure relief.
- C. Start a Central Line.
- D. Provide pain reduction techniques without administering medication.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pain reduction techniques should be attempted first without medication unless ordered by a physician.
Acquired hypothyroidism is most often due to:
- A. Basedow-Graves disease
- B. Vitamin D deficiency
- C. Hashimoto autoimmune thyroiditis
- D. Pituitary or hypothalamic tumour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hashimoto's is the leading cause of acquired hypothyroidism.
Which histological feature found on biopsy during colonoscopy would favour a diagnosis of Crohn disease over ulcerative colitis?
- A. Crypt abscesses
- B. Granulomata
- C. Lymphocytic infiltrate
- D. Paneth cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Granulomata are a hallmark of Crohn disease, distinguishing it from ulcerative colitis, where they are typically absent.