Nokea
Which antibody is at the higher concentration at colostrums?
- A. IgG
- B. IgM
- C. IgA
- D. IgE
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: IgA is the predominant antibody found in colostrum, providing passive immunity to newborns.
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Vibrio cholera are destroyed by all except
- A. boiling
- B. drying
- C. bleaching powder(1 mg/lit.)
- D. cresol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cresol is not effective against Vibrio cholerae, while boiling, drying, and bleaching powder are effective methods for destroying the bacteria.
In supervision the most appropriate word is
- A. Enforcement
- B. Reinforcement
- C. Suggestion
- D. Inspection
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Supervision involves providing constructive suggestions and guidance.
In Pneumoconiosis all are included except
- A. Asbestosis
- B. Silicosis
- C. Anthracosis
- D. Bagasosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bagasosis is not a type of pneumoconiosis; it is a respiratory condition caused by exposure to sugarcane dust.
What is the RR of dying of lung cancer for smokers versus nonsmokers?
- A. 7
- B. 10.14
- C. 15
- D. 20
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: RR = (Death rate among smokers / Death rate among nonsmokers) = 71 / 7 = 10.14. This indicates that smokers are approximately 10 times more likely to die of lung cancer than nonsmokers.
Define in your own words the term 'risk factor'.
- A. A characteristic or exposure that increases the likelihood of developing a disease.
- B. A factor that decreases disease risk.
- C. A protective measure against illness.
- D. A statistical anomaly in health data.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A risk factor is any attribute, characteristic, or exposure that increases the probability of an individual developing a disease or health condition.