Nokea
Which are nonpharmacological forms of pain relief? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Skin stimulation
- B. Diversion and distraction
- C. Breathing techniques
- D. Exercise
- E. Yoga
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Skin stimulation, diversion and distraction, and breathing techniques are the bases of nonpharmacological pain control. Although exercise and practices such as yoga and Pilates are beneficial, they are not means of pain control.
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The physician has ordered Fentanyl (Sublimaze) for a woman in labor and has asked the nurse to provide patient education. What will the nurse include in the educational plan? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Onset is slow.
- B. Duration is short.
- C. Administration is by mouth.
- D. No known side effects.
- E. It is not the same drug as sufentanil.
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Fentanyl has a rapid onset and short duration of action. Fentanyl, sufentanil, and alfentanil are not the same drugs. Fentanyl can cause respiratory depression but less than meperidine. It is not administered by mouth.
Which position(s) and exercise(s) will the nurse teach as beneficial in combating discomfort in the later stages of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Leg lifts
- B. Pelvic rock
- C. Tailor sitting
- D. Sit-ups
- E. Shoulder curling
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Pelvic rock, tailor sitting, and shoulder curling are beneficial to the muscles that will have to adapt to the extra weight and changed posture of later pregnancy. Leg lifts and sit-ups are not beneficial, because they both increase intra-abdominal pressure.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a woman receiving a subarachnoid block before delivery. What nursing action will be included in this plan to prevent the associated side effect of this type of anesthesia?
- A. Restrict oral fluids.
- B. Keep legs flexed.
- C. Walk with assistance as soon as possible.
- D. Lie flat for several hours.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The woman would be advised to remain flat for several hours after the block to decrease the chance of postspinal headache.
What breathing techniques would the nurse teach the prenatal patient to help her focus during labor in order to reduce pain? (Select all that apply.)
- A. First-stage breathing
- B. Abdominal breathing
- C. Fourth-stage breathing
- D. Modified paced breathing
- E. Patterned paced breathing
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: First-stage breathing includes the techniques of modified paced breathing and patterned paced breathing, which are types of abdominal breathing techniques. These patterns of breathing will help a woman in labor to focus and reduce pain perception. The fourth stage of labor is the woman's recovery stage and does not require a breathing technique.
The nurse is caring for a laboring patient who is not reporting pain. What sign would alert the nurse of the need for pain relief?
- A. Frequently asking for ice chips
- B. Facial grimacing
- C. Changing positions in bed
- D. Covering her face with her hands
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Facial grimacing may be an indicator of unexpressed pain.