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Which assessment by the nurNseU wRoSuIldN dGiffTerBen.tiCatOe Ma placenta previa from an abruptio placentae?
- A. Saturated perineal pad in 1 hour
- B. Pain level 0 on a scale of 0 to 10
- C. Cervical dilation at 2 cm
- D. Fetal heart rate at 160 bpm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the assessment of a patient with potential placenta previa or abruptio placentae, the nurse should pay close attention to the amount and characteristics of vaginal bleeding. Placenta previa typically presents with painless vaginal bleeding, which can be sudden and significant. Therefore, a saturated perineal pad within a short period of time (1 hour) is more indicative of placenta previa, as opposed to abruptio placentae which usually presents with painful vaginal bleeding and may not necessarily saturate a perineal pad quickly. Monitoring the amount of bleeding and keeping track of pad saturation over time can provide valuable information to differentiate between these two conditions.
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The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a mastoidectomy. In an effort to prevent postoperative infection, what intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Teach the patient about the risks of ototoxic medications.
- B. Instruct the patient to protect the ear from water for several weeks.
- C. Teach the patient to remove cerumen safely at least once per week.
- D. Instruct the patient to protect the ear from temperature extremes until healing is complete.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After a mastoidectomy, the ear should be protected from water for several weeks. This is because exposing the area to water can increase the risk of infection. Keeping the ear dry allows the surgical site to heal properly and reduces the likelihood of postoperative complications such as infection. Therefore, instructing the patient to protect the ear from water is an important intervention to prevent postoperative infection following a mastoidectomy.
A nurse at an allergy clinic is providing education for a patient starting immunotherapy for the treatment of allergies. What education should the nurse prioritize?
- A. The importance of scheduling appointments for the same time each month
- B. The importance of keeping appointments for desensitization procedures
- C. The importance of avoiding antihistamines for the duration of treatment
- D. The importance of keeping a diary of reactions to the immunotherapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should prioritize educating the patient on the importance of keeping appointments for desensitization procedures. Immunotherapy involves gradually increasing exposure to allergens to build tolerance and reduce allergic reactions. Missing desensitization appointments can lead to interruptions in treatment and potentially decrease the effectiveness of the therapy. It is crucial for the patient to adhere to the scheduled appointments as prescribed by the healthcare provider to ensure the success of the immunotherapy treatment.
The nurse is planning the care of a patient who is adapting to the use of a hearing aid for the first time. What is the most significant challenge experienced by a patient with hearing loss who is adapting to using a hearing aid for the first time?
- A. Regulating the tone and volume
- B. Learning to cope with amplification of background noise
- C. Constant irritation of the external auditory canal
- D. Challenges in keeping the hearing aid clean while minimizing exposure to moisture
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the most significant challenges experienced by patients with hearing loss who are adapting to using a hearing aid for the first time is learning to cope with the amplification of background noise. When a person starts using a hearing aid after experiencing hearing loss, they may find that the device picks up not only the sounds they want to hear but also surrounding noises, such as background chatter, traffic noise, or ambient sounds. This sudden increase in volume and clarity of background noise can be overwhelming and challenging for the individual to adjust to. It can affect their ability to focus on conversations or specific sounds they are trying to hear, leading to frustration and potentially causing them to avoid using the hearing aid altogether. Supporting the patient in gradually acclimating to these new sounds and providing strategies for managing background noise can help improve their overall experience with the hearing aid.
A female patient with HIV has just been diagnosed with condylomata acuminata (genital warts). What information is most appropriate for the nurse to tell this patient?
- A. This condition puts her at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore, she should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) test annually.
- B. The most common treatment is metronidazole (Flagyl), which should eradicate the problem within 7 to 10 days.
- C. The potential for transmission to her sexual partner will be eliminated if condoms are used every time they have sexual intercourse.
- D. The human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes condylomata acuminata, cannot be transmitted during oral sex.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most appropriate information for the nurse to tell the patient is option A, which states that this condition puts her at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore, she should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) test annually. Condylomata acuminata, or genital warts, is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Certain strains of HPV, specifically types 16 and 18, are considered high-risk strains that can lead to cervical cancer in women. Therefore, regular Pap tests are crucial for early detection of any cervical changes that could indicate pre-cancerous or cancerous lesions. It is important for the patient to be informed about this risk and the importance of regular screening to monitor her cervical health.
A patient is being discharged home from the ambulatory surgical center after cataract surgery. In reviewing the discharge instructions with the patient, the nurse instructs the patient to immediately call the office if the patient experiences what?
- A. Slight morning discharge from the eye
- B. Any appearance of redness of the eye
- C. A scratchy feeling in the eye
- D. A new floater in vision
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Redness of the eye after cataract surgery can be a sign of infection or inflammation, which are serious complications that require immediate medical attention. Redness may be accompanied by pain, swelling, or discharge, and if left untreated, it can lead to complications that may affect the surgical outcome and the patient's vision. Therefore, it is crucial for the patient to contact the office immediately if they notice any redness in their eye following cataract surgery.