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Which assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an arterial disorder?
- A. Leg pain that worsens with exercise
- B. Swelling in the ankles at the end of the day
- C. Dark, crusty skin on the lower legs
- D. Numbness in the feet when lying down
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Arterial disorders, such as peripheral artery disease, often cause claudication, which is leg pain that worsens with exercise due to inadequate blood flow.
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Which medication would the nurse expect to administer to a client with an arterial disorder to improve blood flow?
- A. Warfarin (Coumadin)
- B. Clopidogrel (Plavix)
- C. Furosemide (Lasix)
- D. Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that reduces the risk of clot formation, improving blood flow in arterial disorders.
The nurse is caring for the client on strict bedrest. Which intervention is priority when caring for this client?
- A. Encourage the client to drink liquids.
- B. Perform active range-of-motion exercises.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed to 45 degrees.
- D. Provide a high-fiber diet to the client.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High-fiber diet (D) prevents constipation, a priority in bedrest to avoid straining and DVT risk. Fluids (A) are important, active ROM (B) is incorrect (passive needed), and HOB elevation (C) is not primary.
The client with coronary artery disease asks why they need a stress test. What is the best response?
- A. It checks for blood clots in your heart.
- B. It evaluates how your heart works under stress.
- C. It measures your cholesterol levels.
- D. It monitors your blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A stress test assesses heart function during physical stress to detect ischemia or blockages.
The client diagnosed with essential hypertension asks the nurse, 'I don’t know why the doctor is worried about my blood pressure. I feel just great.' Which statement by the nurse would be the most appropriate response?
- A. Damage can be occurring to your heart and kidneys even if you feel great.'
- B. Unless you have a headache, your blood pressure is probably within normal limits.'
- C. When is the last time you saw your doctor? Does he know you are feeling great?'
- D. Your blood pressure reflects how well your heart is working.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypertension causes silent organ damage (heart, kidneys) (A), even without symptoms. Headaches (B) aren’t reliable, doctor visits (C) are irrelevant, and heart function (D) is vague.
The nurse is preparing to administer 7.5 mg of an oral anticoagulant. The medication available is 5 mg per tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 1.5
Rationale: Dose required: 7.5 mg. Available: 5 mg/tablet. 7.5 ÷ 5 = 1.5 tablets. Administer 1.5 tablets (e.g., one whole and one half, if scored).