Nokea
Which assessment question will provide information regarding the effects of a woman's circadian rhythms on her quality of life?
- A. How much sleep do you usually get each night?
- B. Does your heart ever seem to skip a beat?
- C. When was the last time you had a fever?
- D. Do you have problems urinating?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'How much sleep do you usually get each night?' Asking about sleep patterns is essential to understand the impact of circadian rhythms on an individual's quality of life. Adequate sleep is closely linked to circadian rhythms, and disturbances in sleep patterns can significantly affect a person's well-being and daily functioning. Choices B, C, and D are not directly related to circadian rhythms and would not provide information specifically about how circadian rhythms affect quality of life.
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What is the most appropriate intervention for a patient experiencing a panic attack?
- A. Encourage the patient to talk about their feelings.
- B. Provide a quiet and non-stimulating environment.
- C. Administer prescribed medication immediately.
- D. Teach the patient relaxation techniques.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During a panic attack, it is crucial to provide a quiet and non-stimulating environment to help the patient feel safe and reduce sensory overload. This approach can help the patient focus on calming down and regaining control. Encouraging the patient to talk about their feelings may exacerbate the panic attack by increasing stress and arousal levels. Administering medication should be done following healthcare provider's orders, as it may not be appropriate to give medication immediately without proper assessment. Teaching relaxation techniques might not be effective during the acute phase of a panic attack when the individual is overwhelmed by intense anxiety.
Which symptom is most indicative of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
- A. Flashbacks of traumatic events
- B. Persistent, intrusive thoughts
- C. Frequent mood swings
- D. Auditory hallucinations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Persistent, intrusive thoughts are a hallmark symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Individuals with OCD experience persistent and unwanted thoughts or obsessions that are intrusive and cause significant distress. These thoughts often lead to repetitive behaviors or compulsions to try to alleviate the anxiety or distress caused by the obsessions. Flashbacks of traumatic events (Choice A), frequent mood swings (Choice C), and auditory hallucinations (Choice D) are not typical symptoms of OCD. Flashbacks are more commonly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder, mood swings can be seen in mood disorders, and auditory hallucinations are more characteristic of psychotic disorders.
When developing a care plan for a patient with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), which short-term goal is most appropriate?
- A. The patient will experience no episodes of anxiety within the next week.
- B. The patient will learn and practice relaxation techniques.
- C. The patient will avoid all anxiety-provoking situations.
- D. The patient will be medication-free within a month.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B, 'The patient will learn and practice relaxation techniques,' is the most appropriate short-term goal for managing generalized anxiety disorder. Teaching relaxation techniques can help the patient develop coping mechanisms and reduce anxiety levels in the immediate future, making it a realistic and beneficial goal. Options A and C are not feasible in the short term as complete elimination of anxiety episodes or avoidance of all anxiety-provoking situations may not be achievable or practical within a week. Option D is not a suitable short-term goal as it overlooks the potential need for medication in managing generalized anxiety disorder.
A healthcare professional is planning care for a client who has a mental health disorder. Which of the following actions should the professional include as a psychobiological intervention?
- A. Assist the client with systematic desensitization therapy
- B. Teach the client appropriate coping mechanisms
- C. Assess the client for comorbid health conditions
- D. Monitor the client for adverse effects of medications
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Monitoring the client for adverse effects of medications is considered a psychobiological intervention because it involves the physiological aspect of mental health treatment. It focuses on the biological impact of medications on the client's mental health condition, emphasizing the interplay between biological and psychological factors in managing mental health disorders. Choices A, B, and C are not psychobiological interventions. Choice A, systematic desensitization therapy, is a psychological intervention aimed at reducing anxiety by gradually exposing the client to feared stimuli. Choice B, teaching appropriate coping mechanisms, is a psychosocial intervention focusing on behavioral strategies to manage stress. Choice C, assessing for comorbid health conditions, pertains to identifying other medical issues that may coexist with the mental health disorder but does not directly address the biological effects of medications on mental health.
Which patient behavior is consistent with therapeutic communication?
- A. Offering your opinion when asked to provide support.
- B. Summarizing the essence of the patient's comments in your own words.
- C. Avoiding interrupting periods of silence to allow the patient space to think.
- D. Providing positive reinforcement when the patient expresses themselves.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Summarizing the essence of the patient's comments in your own words is a key component of therapeutic communication. This behavior demonstrates active listening, ensures understanding of the patient's message, and encourages further discussion. By summarizing, you show the patient that you are engaged and interested, which helps them feel heard and valued. Offering your opinion (choice A) may bias the patient's thoughts and feelings, interrupting periods of silence (choice C) may prevent the patient from processing their thoughts, and providing positive reinforcement (choice D) may not always be appropriate or necessary in therapeutic communication.