Nokea
Which bite causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?
- A. Flea
- B. Tick
- C. Mosquito
- D. Mouse or rat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by the bite of an infected tick. The bacterium Rickettsia rickettsii is transmitted to humans through the bite of the American dog tick, the Rocky Mountain wood tick, or the brown dog tick. These ticks are commonly found in wooded areas and attach themselves to the skin of humans or animals, transmitting the bacteria responsible for Rocky Mountain spotted fever. It is important to take precautions to prevent tick bites, such as using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants when in wooded areas, and conducting thorough tick checks after being outdoors.
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A nurse is assessing for jaundice in a dark-skinned newborn. Where is the best place to assess for jaundice in this newborn?
- A. Buttocks
- B. Tip of nose and sclera
- C. Sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa
- D. Palms of hands and soles of feet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best place to assess for jaundice in a dark-skinned newborn is in the sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa. Jaundice, which is caused by elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, is more easily seen in these areas compared to the skin. While jaundice is commonly assessed on the skin in light-skinned individuals, it may not be as readily apparent in dark-skinned newborns. Therefore, examining the sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa for a yellowish discoloration provides a more reliable indication of jaundice in dark-skinned infants. This approach ensures that healthcare providers can accurately detect and monitor jaundice in newborns of all skin tones.
Dr. Jones prescribes corticosteroids for a child with nephritic syndrome. What is the primary purpose of administering corticosteroids to this child?
- A. To increase blood pressure
- B. To reduce inflammation
- C. To decrease proteinuria
- D. To prevent infection
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroids are commonly used to reduce inflammation in various conditions, including nephritic syndrome. In nephritic syndrome, there is inflammation in the glomeruli of the kidneys, leading to symptoms such as proteinuria, hematuria, and reduced kidney function. Corticosteroids work by suppressing this inflammatory response, which helps alleviate the symptoms and improve kidney function in patients with nephritic syndrome. Administering corticosteroids to this child aims to reduce the inflammation in the kidneys, thereby improving their condition.
By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT
- A. transfer object from hand to hand
- B. actively bounces
- C. uses radial palm grasp
- D. cruises
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cruising typically occurs later, around 9-10 months.
Janae has a seizure disorder; which of the following would be the lowest priority when caring for her? Observing and taking down data on all seizures
- A. Assuring safety and protection from injuring
- B. Assessing for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP)
- C. Educating the family about anticonvulsant therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When caring for someone with a seizure disorder like Janae, the highest priority is ensuring their immediate safety and protection from injury during a seizure. This includes preventing falls, removing nearby hazards, and providing support during and after the seizure. Assessing for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure is also important as it may indicate a serious complication requiring prompt medical attention. On the other hand, educating the family about anticonvulsant therapy, while important for long-term management, is considered a lower priority compared to the immediate safety and medical assessment needs of Janae during a seizure episode.
A male client is prescribed medications that depress thrombocytes. The nurse should monitor for which of the ff signs and symptoms in the client?
- A. Sore throat and swollen glands
- B. Pernicious anemia with weakness
- C. Bleeding gums and dark tarry tools
- D. Thickening of blood and bruising
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thrombocytes, also known as platelets, play a crucial role in blood clotting. Medications that depress thrombocytes can lead to decreased clotting ability and an increased risk of bleeding. Therefore, monitoring for signs and symptoms of bleeding is essential. Bleeding gums and dark tarry stools are indicative of bleeding in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract, respectively, and are key indicators to watch for in a client taking medications that depress thrombocytes. Options A, B, and D are not directly related to the impact of thrombocyte depression on clotting function.