Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam

Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam Related

Review Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam related questions and content

Which cellular structure is largely protective in function?

  • A. Mitochondrion
  • B. Vacuole
  • C. Cell membrane
  • D. Ribosome
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cell membrane. The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is largely protective in function as it serves as a selectively permeable barrier that surrounds the cell, providing structural support and helping to maintain cell integrity. It regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell, thus protecting the cell from harmful external factors while allowing essential nutrients to enter. Mitochondrion (choice A) is responsible for energy production, not primarily protective. Vacuole (choice B) is mainly involved in storage and transport. Ribosome (choice D) is involved in protein synthesis, not protective functions.

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Bacillus subtilis may be described as ___________.

  • A. spiral
  • B. globular
  • C. rod-shaped
  • D. grape-like clusters
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped bacterium. Its name "Bacillus" refers to its rod-like shape, which is a characteristic feature of this bacteria.

Which of these is not an example of a lipid?

  • A. Butter
  • B. Wax
  • C. Canola oil
  • D. Honey
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Honey is not an example of a lipid because lipids are fat-related molecules that are insoluble in water, while honey is a natural sweet substance made by bees and primarily consists of sugars such as glucose and fructose. Butter, wax, and canola oil are examples of lipids as they are all composed of fat-related molecules that do not dissolve in water.

Which type of sugar is a disaccharide?

  • A. Sucrose
  • B. Fructose
  • C. Glucose
  • D. Galactose
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. When glucose and fructose combine, they form sucrose. Choice B, Fructose, is a monosaccharide, not a disaccharide. Choice C, Glucose, is also a monosaccharide, not a disaccharide. Choice D, Galactose, is another monosaccharide and not a disaccharide.

Why do gardeners sometimes use salt to get rid of slugs?

  • A. The salt moves from the exterior into the slug's body.
  • B. The salt causes water in the slug to move outward.
  • C. The salt and slug slime merge to form a new compound.
  • D. The salt's corrosiveness breaks down the slug's cell walls.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Gardeners use salt to get rid of slugs because salt is corrosive and breaks down the slug's cell walls. When the slug comes into contact with salt, the salt draws moisture out of the slug's body, causing dehydration and ultimately leading to the slug's death. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the primary mechanism of salt in eliminating slugs is its corrosive action on the slug's body, not the movement of salt into the slug's body, outward movement of water in the slug, or merging with slug slime to form a new compound.

Which of the following is a tertiary consumer?

  • A. Owl
  • B. Shrew
  • C. Grasshopper
  • D. Wheat
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Owl. Tertiary consumers are organisms that feed on secondary consumers, which, in turn, feed on primary consumers. Owls are considered tertiary consumers because they primarily feed on animals such as rodents, which are secondary consumers. Shrew (choice B) is a secondary consumer, feeding on insects and worms, placing it at a lower trophic level than the owl. Grasshopper (choice C) is a primary consumer, feeding on plants. Wheat (choice D) is not a consumer in the food chain but a plant.

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