Nokea
Which cephalosporin generation is effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)?
- A. First generation
- B. Second generation
- C. Third generation
- D. Fifth generation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fifth-generation cephalosporins, like ceftaroline, are effective against MRSA, unlike earlier generations.
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A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed Isosorbide Mononitrate for chronic stable Angina and develops reflex tachycardia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
- A. Furosemide
- B. Captopril
- C. Ranolazine
- D. Metoprolol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metoprolol , a beta-blocker, treats reflex tachycardia by slowing heart rate.
While collecting a medication history, the patient admits to doubling the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter (OTC) medication, saying It's harmless or they would require a prescription. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. OTC drugs are serious medications and carry serious risks if not taken as directed.
- B. Taking medications like that is careless and you could kill yourself doing it.
- C. Sometimes you need to take more than the package directs to treat the symptoms.
- D. Did you notify your doctor of the increased dosage you were taking?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: OTC drugs are no less a medication than prescription drugs and carry the same types of risks for overdosage and toxicity if directions are not followed. Although increasing the dosage is careless and dangerous, it is important to use the information as a teaching opportunity rather than scolding the patient. Agreeing with the patient or asking her if she talked to the doctor misses the teaching opportunity, which could be harmful for the patient.
Which of the following is the indication for glucocorticoid prescribing?
- A. Cataract
- B. Prevention of respiratory distress
- C. Hypofunction of thyroid gland
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids are indicated to prevent respiratory distress, such as in preterm infants for lung maturation.
Jake, a 45-year-old patient with schizophrenia, was recently hospitalized for acute psychosis due to medication noncompliance. He was treated with IM long-acting haloperidol. Besides monitoring his schizophrenia symptoms, the patient should be assessed by his primary care provider:
- A. For excessive weight loss
- B. With the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) for extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
- C. Monthly for tolerance to the haloperidol
- D. Only by the mental health provider, as most NPs in primary care do not care for mentally ill patients
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haloperidol can cause EPS, monitored using the AIMS.
Which lab test(s) would be used to assess liver and/or renal function before administering medications? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. CBC
- B. LDH
- C. ALT
- D. Crs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver function tests include LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase). Renal function tests include Crs (serum creatinine) and BUN (blood urea nitrogen). Although a CBC (complete blood count) and an aPTT are useful in assessing the patient before administration of medication, they are not renal or hepatic function tests.