Nokea
Which characteristic fits the usual profile of an individual diagnosed with pedophilic disorder?
- A. Homosexual
- B. Ritualistic behaviors
- C. Seeks access to children
- D. Self-confident professional
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because an individual diagnosed with pedophilic disorder typically seeks access to children for sexual purposes. This behavior is a key characteristic of pedophilia. Homosexuality (A) is not a defining factor in pedophilic disorder. Ritualistic behaviors (B) are not specific to pedophilia but may be present in some cases. Being a self-confident professional (D) does not correlate with pedophilic tendencies. In summary, seeking access to children (C) aligns with the diagnostic criteria for pedophilic disorder, making it the most fitting characteristic.
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After a person was abducted and raped at gunpoint by an unknown assailant, which assessment finding best indicates the acute phase of the rape-trauma syndrome?
- A. Decreased motor activity
- B. Confusion and disbelief
- C. Flashbacks and dreams
- D. Fears and phobias
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Confusion and disbelief. During the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome, the victim may experience feelings of confusion and disbelief as they try to process the traumatic event. This initial reaction is a common response to such a severe and violating experience. The victim may struggle to comprehend what has happened to them, leading to feelings of shock and disbelief. This phase is characterized by emotional numbing, disorientation, and difficulty in making decisions.
Decreased motor activity (Choice A) is not specific to the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome and can be a general response to trauma. Flashbacks and dreams (Choice C) are more commonly associated with the intrusion phase of the syndrome, which occurs after the acute phase. Fears and phobias (Choice D) may develop later in the reorganization phase of the syndrome as the victim tries to cope with the aftermath of the trauma.
Which is a hallmark characteristic of bulimia nervosa?
- A. Persistent restriction of caloric intake.
- B. Binge eating followed by purging behaviors.
- C. Severe weight loss due to food refusal.
- D. Excessive exercising to burn calories.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging. Binge eating involves consuming a large amount of food in a short period, followed by feelings of loss of control. Purging behaviors like self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives are used to prevent weight gain. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because bulimia nervosa typically involves normal or fluctuating weight, not severe weight loss or excessive exercise to burn calories. Persistent restriction of caloric intake is more indicative of anorexia nervosa, not bulimia nervosa.
A client has been admitted with disorganized type schizophrenia. The nurse observes blunted affect and social isolation. He occasionally curses or calls another client a 'jerk' without provocation. The nurse asks the client how he is feeling, and he responds, 'Everybody picks on me. They frobitz me.' The nurse would assess 'frobitz' as:
- A. Circumstantial speech
- B. Loose associations
- C. Evidence of delusional thinking
- D. A neologism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A neologism. A neologism is a newly coined word or expression that is not easily understood by others. In this case, the client's use of the word 'frobitz' is not a recognized word, indicating it may be a neologism. This is commonly seen in individuals with schizophrenia who create new words or distort existing ones.
A: Circumstantial speech involves excessive and unnecessary details before reaching the main point. The client's response is not characterized by this.
B: Loose associations involve a lack of logical connections between thoughts. The client's response is not demonstrating this.
C: Evidence of delusional thinking would involve fixed, false beliefs that are not based in reality. The client's use of 'frobitz' does not necessarily indicate a delusion.
In summary, the use of 'frobitz' by the client is indicative of a neologism, as it is a new and potentially meaningless
A patient with anorexia nervosa is at risk for refeeding syndrome. The nurse should be most concerned with:
- A. Hyperglycemia.
- B. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypophosphatemia.
- C. Increased hunger and overeating.
- D. Rapid weight gain and hypertension.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypophosphatemia. Refeeding syndrome occurs when a malnourished individual receives nutrition too quickly, leading to shifts in electrolytes like phosphate, potassium, and magnesium. Hypophosphatemia is a key concern due to its potential to cause cardiac and respiratory failure. Hyperglycemia (A) may occur but is not the primary concern. Increased hunger and overeating (C) are common symptoms of anorexia nervosa but not directly related to refeeding syndrome. Rapid weight gain and hypertension (D) are potential consequences of refeeding but are not the immediate concern compared to electrolyte imbalances.
Conversion disorder and hypochondriasis are classified as
- A. physio-mental disorders
- B. somatoform disorders
- C. psychosomatic disorders
- D. somatization disorders
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Somatoform disorders involve physical symptoms without medical cause, like conversion and hypochondriasis.