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Which client is at highest risk for developing a lymphoma?
- A. The client diagnosed with chronic lung disease who is taking a steroid.
- B. The client diagnosed with breast cancer who has extensive lymph involvement.
- C. The client who received a kidney transplant several years ago.
- D. The client who has had ureteral stent placements for a neurogenic bladder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunosuppression post-transplant (C) increases lymphoma risk (e.g., PTLD). Steroids (A) are lower risk, breast cancer (B) involves metastasis, and stents (D) are unrelated.
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The nurse assesses that the client with hemolytic anemia has weakness, fatigue, malaise, and skin and mucous membrane pallor. Which finding should the nurse also associate with hemolytic anemia?
- A. Scleral jaundice
- B. A smooth, red tongue
- C. A craving for ice to chew
- D. A poor intake of fresh vegetables
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Jaundice occurs in hemolytic anemia from the shortened life span of the RBC and the breakdown of Hgb. About 80% of heme is converted to bilirubin, conjugated in the liver, and excreted in the bile. The increased bilirubin in the blood causes the jaundice. B. A smooth, red tongue is seen with iron-deficiency anemia. C. A craving for ice is seen with iron-deficiency anemia. D. Folate deficiency occurs in people who rarely eat fresh vegetables.
The nurse discusses the self-care guidelines to minimize the side effects of radiation on the skin. Which actions to reduce radiation skin reactions should the nurse explain to the client?
- A. Wear loose-fitting, soft clothing over the treated skin.
- B. Use a straight-edged razor to shave hair in the treated area.
- C. Swim only in swimming pools to avoid stagnant water.
- D. Use only skin-care products suggested by the radiation staff.
- E. Apply skin products immediately after radiation treatment.
- F. Wash treated area gently with lukewarm water and mild soap.
Correct Answer: A, D, F,
Rationale: Wearing loose-fitting, soft clothing over the treated skin is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions. B. The use of an electric, not a straight-edged, razor for shaving a treated area is recommended. C. Clients are advised to avoid swimming in chlorinated water. D. Using only skin-care products suggested by the radiation staff is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions. E. Clients are advised to delay the application of skin-care products within 4 hours of radiation treatment. F. Washing the treated area gently with lukewarm water and mild soap is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions.
The nurse is caring for a client who is thought to have pernicious anemia. What signs and symptoms would the nurse expect in this person?
- A. Easy bruising
- B. Beefy-red tongue
- C. Fine red rash on the extremities
- D. Pruritus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A beefy-red tongue is a hallmark symptom of pernicious anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency.
The client is experiencing pain due to cancer treatment- The client tells the nurse, “Methadone has always worked well for me in the past.” Which effects of methadone should the nurse consider when administering methadone?
- A. Has a long half-life and high level of potency
- B. May cause an increase in BP and confusion
- C. Causes severe allergic reactions and liver failure
- D. Has active metabolites, but it is well tolerated
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: bg
The nurse is assisting the HCP with a bone marrow biopsy. Which intervention postprocedure has priority?
- A. Apply pressure to site for five (5) to 10 minutes.
- B. Medicate for pain with morphine slow IVP.
- C. Maintain head of bed in high Fowler’s position.
- D. Apply oxygen via nasal cannula at five (5) L/min.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying pressure for 5–10 minutes (A) prevents bleeding post-biopsy, a priority. Pain meds (B), HOB (C), and oxygen (D) are secondary or unrelated.