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Which client statement about managing diabetes during illness indicates a need for further teaching?
- A. I should monitor my blood glucose more frequently.
- B. I may need more insulin during illness.
- C. I can stop insulin if I'm not eating.
- D. I should try to stay hydrated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stopping insulin during illness is dangerous as stress hormones can increase blood glucose, requiring continued or adjusted insulin dosing.
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When the nurse teaches the client how to self-administer potassium iodide (Lugol's solution), which instruction is most appropriate?
- A. Swallow the drug quickly.
- B. Take the drug before meals.
- C. Dilute the drug in fruit juice.
- D. Chill the drug before taking it.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diluting potassium iodide in fruit juice improves palatability and reduces gastric irritation.
The nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client diagnosed with Cushing's disease. Which statement by the client demonstrates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I will be sure to notify my health-care provider if I start to run a fever.
- B. Before I stop taking the prednisone, I will be taught how to taper it off.
- C. If I get weak and shaky, I need to eat some hard candy or drink some juice.
- D. It is fine if I continue to participate in weekend games of tackle football.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tapering prednisone prevents adrenal crisis, indicating understanding. Fever notification is general, hypoglycemia is unrelated, and tackle football is unsafe.
Which characteristic findings would the nurse expect to assess in a client with Addison's disease? Select all that apply.
- A. Salt craving
- B. Skin blemishes
- C. Moon-shaped face
- D. Bronzed skin
- E. Hypoglycemia
- F. Weight loss
Correct Answer: A,D,E,F
Rationale: Addison's disease causes adrenal insufficiency, leading to salt craving, bronzed skin, hypoglycemia, and weight loss.
The nurse discusses the long-term effects of diabetes mellitus with the client and realizes that the client needs further teaching when the client identifies which occurrence as a complication of this disease?
- A. Blindness
- B. Stroke
- C. Renal failure
- D. Liver failure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Liver failure is not a common complication of diabetes, unlike blindness, stroke, and renal failure.
At 10 A.M., a client with Type 1 diabetes becomes very irritable and starts to yell at the nurse. Which initial nursing assessment should take priority?
- A. Blood pressure and pulse
- B. Color and temperature of skin
- C. Reflexes and muscle tone
- D. Serum electrolytes and glucose
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Irritability in Type 1 diabetes suggests hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, requiring priority assessment of serum glucose.