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Which client statement indicates an understanding of the education provided about the antidepressant medication sertraline (Zoloft)?
- A. I should take this medication on an empty stomach.
- B. It may take several weeks for this medication to be effective.
- C. I can stop taking this medication when I feel better.
- D. I should avoid taking this medication with other medications.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer. It is crucial for clients to understand that sertraline (Zoloft) may take several weeks to show its full effects. Patients should be informed about this delay in onset of action to set realistic expectations and adhere to the treatment plan. This education helps prevent premature discontinuation of the medication due to perceived lack of efficacy. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A is inaccurate because sertraline (Zoloft) should be taken with food to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal side effects. Choice C is incorrect because abruptly stopping the medication can lead to withdrawal symptoms and worsening of the condition. Choice D is inaccurate as there are specific medications that should be avoided with sertraline, but a general statement to avoid all other medications is overly broad and not necessary.
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A client with depression is experiencing anhedonia. Which statement by the client reflects this symptom?
- A. I feel so anxious all the time.
- B. I don't enjoy the things I used to love.
- C. I can't concentrate on anything.
- D. I have trouble sleeping through the night.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anhedonia is the inability to experience pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable. The statement 'I don't enjoy the things I used to love' directly reflects this symptom as the client is expressing a lack of pleasure from previously enjoyable activities. Choices A, C, and D do not specifically relate to anhedonia but rather indicate symptoms of anxiety, concentration difficulties, and sleep disturbances, respectively.
A client with major depressive disorder expresses feelings of hopelessness. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to address these feelings?
- A. Encourage the client to engage in physical activity.
- B. Provide opportunities for the client to make decisions.
- C. Help the client identify positive aspects of their life.
- D. Encourage the client to verbalize feelings of hopelessness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client with major depressive disorder expresses feelings of hopelessness, helping them identify positive aspects of their life can be an effective nursing intervention. This approach can assist in shifting their focus from negativity to positivity, promoting a sense of hope and potentially improving their overall outlook and well-being. By highlighting the positive aspects, the nurse can support the client in recognizing reasons for hope and encourage a more optimistic perspective, which can aid in addressing and alleviating feelings of hopelessness. Encouraging physical activity (Choice A) may be beneficial for overall well-being but may not directly address feelings of hopelessness. Providing opportunities for decision-making (Choice B) can empower the client but may not specifically target feelings of hopelessness. Encouraging verbalization of feelings (Choice D) is important but may not be as effective as helping the client shift their focus to positive aspects of life.
A client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement to address this symptom?
- A. Encourage the client to express feelings about the hallucinations.
- B. Distract the client from the hallucinations.
- C. Provide reality-based feedback about the hallucinations.
- D. Encourage the client to ignore the hallucinations.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client experiencing auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia is to provide reality-based feedback about the hallucinations. By providing reality-based feedback, the nurse helps the client differentiate between what is real and what is not, which can help decrease the distress and impact of the hallucinations on the client's perception of reality. Encouraging the client to express feelings (Choice A) may not directly address the hallucinations. Distracting the client (Choice B) may temporarily alleviate the symptoms but does not help the client differentiate reality from hallucinations. Encouraging the client to ignore the hallucinations (Choice D) may not be effective as the client may struggle to do so without appropriate guidance.
A client is experiencing severe anxiety. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention?
- A. Encourage the client to participate in group therapy sessions.
- B. Encourage the client to verbalize feelings of anxiety.
- C. Encourage the client to limit caffeine intake.
- D. Encourage the client to avoid stressful situations.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the client to verbalize feelings of anxiety is an appropriate intervention for severe anxiety. Verbalizing emotions can help the client process their feelings and reduce the intensity of anxiety. It promotes emotional expression and may lead to a better understanding of the underlying causes of anxiety, paving the way for effective coping strategies. Choices A, C, and D are not the most appropriate interventions for severe anxiety. While group therapy can be beneficial, it may not be suitable for someone experiencing severe anxiety. Limiting caffeine intake and avoiding stressful situations are helpful strategies but may not address the root of the severe anxiety or provide immediate relief.
A client has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Which is an appropriate short-term goal for the client?
- A. The client will report a decrease in depressive symptoms.
- B. The client will establish a sleep routine.
- C. The client will improve social interactions.
- D. The client will set realistic goals for the future.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Setting a goal for the client to report a decrease in depressive symptoms is appropriate as it is specific, measurable, and achievable in the short term. Monitoring changes in depressive symptoms provides valuable feedback on the effectiveness of the treatment plan. While establishing a sleep routine, improving social interactions, and setting realistic goals for the future are important aspects of recovery, they are more suitable as intermediate or long-term goals. In the context of short-term goals, focusing on symptom reduction can provide immediate feedback on the client's progress and help adjust the treatment plan accordingly.