Nokea
Which concept characterizes culture as continuously evolving?
- A. Learned from birth through language and socialization.
- B. Learned by members of the same cultural group.
- C. Influenced by specific conditions related to environment,technology and availability of resources.
- D. Dynamic and ever-changing.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Culture evolves dynamically, adapting to environmental, technological, and resource-related changes over time.
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A patient who completed detoxing from heroin tells you that his or her family members who are not substance abusers do not understand how it feels to go through withdrawal. He or she asks you for advice. Which of the following is the best response?
- A. Tell your family members to attend Alcoholics Anonymous.
- B. Ask your family members if they ever had the flu. Tell them that withdrawal is like having the worst flu they ever had.
- C. Tell your family member that going through withdrawal is like going on a diet.
- D. Tell your family member to try heroin once.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Comparing withdrawal to a severe flu helps family members understand the physical symptoms without trivializing the experience.
What volume of fluid loss causes marked deterioration in hypovolemic shock?
- A. 30% to 40% (1500 mL to 2000 mL)
- B. 15% to 30% (750 mL to 1500 mL)
- C. 10% to 15% (500 mL to 750 mL)
- D. More than 40% (more than 2000 mL)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loss of 15% to 30% of blood volume significantly impairs circulation and tissue perfusion.
A client is 1-day postoperative following a left lower lobectomy and has a chest tube in place. When assessing the client's three-chamber drainage system, the nurse notes that there is no bubbling in the suction control chamber. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Continue to monitor the client as this is an expected finding.
- B. Add more water to the suction control chamber of the drainage system.
- C. Verify that the suction regulator is on and check the tubing for leaks.
- D. Milk the chest tube and dislodge any clots in the tubing that are occluding it.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Verify that the suction regulator is on and check the tubing for leaks.
Rationale:
1. Lack of bubbling in the suction control chamber indicates suction may not be working.
2. Checking the suction regulator ensures it is on and at the correct level for proper drainage.
3. Checking tubing for leaks ensures the system is intact and functioning properly.
4. This intervention addresses the potential issue of inadequate suction, which can affect the client's postoperative recovery.
Summary:
- Option A: Continuing to monitor is not appropriate as lack of bubbling suggests an issue with suction.
- Option B: Adding more water to the suction control chamber is unnecessary and does not address the root cause.
- Option D: Milking the chest tube is not recommended as it can cause trauma and dislodging clots may lead to complications.
A 64-year-old male client is admitted to the hospital with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). The client has a history of adult onset diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He is scheduled to undergo a resection of the prostate. The most serious symptom that may accompany BPH is:
- A. acute urinary retention.
- B. hesitancy in starting urination.
- C. increased frequency of urination.
- D. decreased force of the urinary stream.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute urinary retention is a symptom of BPH, is serious, and requires urgent medical attention. Hesitancy in starting urination is a symptom of BPH, but it is not serious or life-threatening. Increased frequency of urination is a symptom of BPH, but it is not serious or life-threatening. Decreased force of the urinary stream is due to an obstruction, but it is not serious or life-threatening.
What would be useful in helping Mr. Jackson prepare for chest tube insertion?
- A. Explain the etiology of his condition
- B. Ask if he has any questions about the insertion procedure and its purpose
- C. Teach him to splint his chest wall
- D. Reassure him that the procedure is painless
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Splinting minimizes movement and discomfort during the procedure.