Nokea
Which condition signifies the end of the female's ability to reproduce?
- A. Menopause
- B. Menarche
- C. Micturition
- D. Masturbation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Menopause. Menopause signifies the end of a female's ability to reproduce due to the cessation of menstrual cycles and decline in ovarian function. This natural biological process typically occurs in women around the age of 45-55. Menarche (B) is the onset of menstruation, marking the beginning of reproductive capability. Micturition (C) refers to the process of urination and is unrelated to reproductive ability. Masturbation (D) is a self-stimulatory act and has no direct impact on a female's reproductive capacity.
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The least likely cause of a depressed level of consciousness in the multisystem injured patient is:
- A. "Shock"
- B. Head injury
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Impaired oxygenation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hyperglycemia. In a multisystem injured patient, the primary causes of depressed consciousness are related to perfusion and oxygenation. Hyperglycemia, while a concern, is less likely to directly cause a depressed level of consciousness compared to shock, head injury, and impaired oxygenation. Hyperglycemia may lead to symptoms like confusion or weakness, but it typically does not result in a significant decrease in consciousness level. Therefore, in the context of a multisystem injured patient, hyperglycemia is the least likely cause of a depressed level of consciousness.
What is the term used to describe the condition in which all of the body systems are balanced?
- A. Halitosis
- B. Hemoptysis
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Homeostasis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Homeostasis. Homeostasis refers to the condition in which all body systems are balanced and functioning optimally to maintain internal stability. It involves mechanisms that regulate factors such as temperature, pH, and blood glucose levels within a narrow range. Halitosis (A) is bad breath, Hemoptysis (B) is coughing up blood, and Hepatitis (C) is inflammation of the liver. Hence, these options are unrelated to the balance of body systems.
What is an opportunistic infection?
- A. A disease in which abnormal cells grow quickly
- B. A disease in which symptoms of cancer disappear
- C. A disorder that causes inflammation of the bladder
- D. An illness caused by microorganisms that causes disease in people with weakened immune systems
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an opportunistic infection is an illness caused by microorganisms that typically do not cause disease in individuals with healthy immune systems but can lead to infections in people with weakened immune systems. This occurs because the weakened immune system is unable to effectively defend against these microorganisms.
Choice A is incorrect because it describes abnormal cell growth, which is not the definition of an opportunistic infection. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to the temporary disappearance of cancer symptoms, not related to opportunistic infections. Choice C is also incorrect as it describes a specific disorder related to bladder inflammation, not opportunistic infections.
Which situation involving staff would trigger incident reporting under RIDDOR?
- A. A common cold resulting in two days off work.
- B. A broken leg caused by an accident at work.
- C. A car accident occurring on the way to work.
- D. A broken toe caused by an accident at work.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Accidents leading to serious injuries like broken legs during work must be reported under RIDDOR.
Of the following guidelines, which would not be recommended to a person who has sustained an orthopedic injury during exercise?
- A. ice
- B. warmth
- C. rest
- D. elevation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warmth increases swelling early in injury; ice, rest, and elevation are standard.