Nokea
Which contraindication should be assessed for prior to administering an immunization to a child?
- A. Mild cold symptoms
- B. Chronic asthma
- C. Depressed immune system
- D. Allergy to eggs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Before administering immunizations to children, it is crucial to assess for contraindications. A depressed immune system, such as that seen in conditions like HIV or due to chemotherapy, is a significant contraindication. Immunizations may not be safe or effective in children with compromised immune systems. Mild cold symptoms, although not ideal, are not a contraindication for routine immunizations. Chronic asthma, while a consideration, is not a direct contraindication for routine immunizations. Allergy to eggs is a contraindication for specific vaccines, such as influenza vaccine that is grown in eggs, but it is not a contraindication for all immunizations.
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Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Vitamin B-6
- D. Riboflavin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Fat-soluble vitamins are those that can be stored in the body, allowing excess amounts to be stored for later use. While this storage ability can help prevent deficiencies, it also poses a risk of toxicity. The fat-soluble vitamins are A, E, D, and K. Choice A, Vitamin C, is water-soluble, not fat-soluble. Choice C, Vitamin B-6, and Choice D, Riboflavin, are also water-soluble vitamins and not fat-soluble.
A client is undergoing range of motion exercises, and the nurse moves the leg in a pattern of circumduction. Which movement is the nurse performing?
- A. Bending the leg at the knee
- B. Turning the foot inward and outward
- C. Moving the leg in a circle
- D. Moving the leg forward and up
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Circumduction involves moving a limb in a circular pattern. In this scenario, the nurse is performing circumduction by moving the leg in a circular motion, engaging the muscles of the gluteus maximus and gluteus medius. Choice A, 'Bending the leg at the knee,' is incorrect as it describes flexion and extension movements. Choice B, 'Turning the foot inward and outward,' refers to inversion and eversion movements of the foot, not circumduction. Choice D, 'Moving the leg forward and up,' describes flexion and abduction movements, not circumduction.
While caring for Mrs. Thomas, you see a notation on the nursing care plan that states 'ambulate at least 10 yards qid'. This patient will be assisted with ambulation at which of the following times?
- A. 10:00 AM
- B. 10 am and 2 pm
- C. 10 am and 2 pm
- D. 10 am, 2 pm, 6 pm, and 10 pm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to assist the patient with ambulation at 10 am, 2 pm, 6 pm, and 10 pm as qid stands for four times per day. This schedule is commonly followed in healthcare facilities to ensure regular ambulation and exercise for the patient. Choices A, B, and C do not cover all the specified times for ambulation as indicated by the qid notation on the care plan.
Who is most likely to arrange the discharge of a patient to their own home, a nursing home, or an assisted living facility?
- A. A physical therapist
- B. A speech therapist
- C. A social worker
- D. An occupational therapist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Social workers play a crucial role in arranging patient discharges to suitable facilities. They collaborate with healthcare professionals to ensure that patients are transitioned to the most appropriate setting post-hospitalization. Social workers focus on the holistic needs of patients, including their social and emotional well-being, to facilitate a smooth continuum of care. Choices A, B, and D do not typically have the primary responsibility for arranging patient discharges to various facilities.
When turning an immobile bedridden client without assistance, which action by the nurse best ensures client safety?
- A. Securely grasp the client's arm and leg.
- B. Put bed rails up on the side of bed opposite from the nurse.
- C. Correctly position and use a turn sheet.
- D. Lower the head of the client's bed slowly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When turning an immobile bedridden client without assistance, the best action to ensure client safety is to put bed rails up on the side of the bed opposite from the nurse. This is important because the nurse can only stand on one side of the bed, so having bed rails on the opposite side prevents the client from falling out of bed. Option A, which suggests securely grasping the client's arm and leg, can potentially cause client injury to the skin or joints. Options C and D, correctly positioning and using a turn sheet, and lowering the head of the client's bed slowly, respectively, are useful techniques during client turning but are of lower priority in terms of safety compared to the use of bed rails.