Nokea
Which country does not rank well on any key measure of children's health and well-being?
- A. Sweden
- B. Spain
- C. Australia
- D. The United States
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The United States is the correct answer as it ranks poorly in measures of children's health and well-being compared to other developed nations. According to the extract provided, the United States does not perform well in this aspect. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as there is no information provided suggesting that Sweden, Spain, or Australia do not rank well on key measures of children's health and well-being.
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As school-age children move into adolescence, self-concept is increasingly vested in feedback from __________.
- A. close friends
- B. family members
- C. younger children
- D. the inner self
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: During adolescence, individuals start to rely more on feedback from close friends to develop their self-concept. Close friends play a significant role during this transitional period as they provide peer validation, support, and influence. Family members, although important, may not hold the same level of influence on self-concept during adolescence as close friends do. Younger children are unlikely to provide the necessary feedback and validation needed during this developmental stage. While self-reflection and understanding the inner self are vital for personal growth, during adolescence, external feedback from close friends tends to have a more pronounced impact on shaping self-concept.
What is strongly associated with healthy eating in teenagers?
- A. Vitamin supplementation
- B. Number of hours of sleep
- C. Dieting in adolescence
- D. Frequency of family meals
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The frequency of family meals is strongly associated with healthy eating in teenagers. Research indicates that regular family meals provide structure, promote positive eating behaviors, and offer opportunities for modeling healthy food choices. Vitamin supplementation (Choice A) may be beneficial but is not as strongly linked to healthy eating habits as family meal frequency. The number of hours of sleep (Choice B) is important for overall health but is not as directly associated with healthy eating behaviors in teenagers. Dieting in adolescence (Choice C) can sometimes lead to unhealthy eating patterns and is not necessarily linked to consistently healthy food choices.
Infants engage in __________ by actively seeking emotional information from a trusted person in an uncertain situation.
- A. self-control
- B. give-and-take
- C. emotional self-regulation
- D. social referencing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'social referencing.' Social referencing is a behavior where infants seek emotional information from a trusted person, usually a caregiver, to determine how to respond in uncertain situations. This process helps infants regulate their emotions and behaviors based on the cues they receive from the trusted individual. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because self-control, give-and-take, and emotional self-regulation do not specifically involve seeking emotional information from others in uncertain situations, as social referencing does.
In females, the twenty-third pair of chromosomes is labeled as __________.
- A. an autosome
- B. dizygotic
- C. XX
- D. XY
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In females, the twenty-third pair of chromosomes is indeed labeled as XX. This pair of chromosomes determines the biological sex of females. Choice A, 'an autosome,' is incorrect as autosomes refer to the non-sex chromosomes. Choice B, 'dizygotic,' is incorrect as it relates to twins. Choice D, 'XY,' is incorrect as it represents the chromosome pair found in males.
Developmental science is __________ because it has grown through the combined efforts of people from many fields of study.
- A. interdisciplinary
- B. empirical
- C. applied
- D. theoretical
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct answer: Developmental science is interdisciplinary because it integrates knowledge from multiple fields like psychology, biology, and sociology. The term 'empirical' refers to information gained from observation or experimentation, which is not the focus of this question. 'Applied' and 'theoretical' do not capture the essence of developmental science requiring inputs from various disciplines.