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Which diagnostic test should the nurse expect for a client with suspected pericarditis?
- A. Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- B. Complete blood count (CBC)
- C. D-dimer test
- D. Chest X-ray
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An ECG can show characteristic ST-segment elevation in pericarditis due to pericardial inflammation.
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The client with hypertension asks why they need to limit stress. What is the best response?
- A. Stress causes fluid retention.
- B. Stress increases your heart rate and blood pressure.
- C. Stress reduces oxygen to your heart.
- D. Stress weakens your immune system.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stress activates the sympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
The nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with peripheral vascular disease. Which data support a diagnosis of venous insufficiency?
- A. The client has bright red skin on the lower extremities.
- B. The client has a brownish purple area on the lower legs.
- C. The client complains of pain after ambulating for short distances.
- D. The client has nonhealing wounds on the toes and ankles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brownish purple skin (B) indicates hemosiderin from venous stasis. Red skin (A) is nonspecific, pain with walking (C) is arterial, and toe/ankle wounds (D) are arterial.
When offered the pain medication, the client says to the nurse, 'If that's Motrin, I don't want it. It makes me sick to my successful,' What is the most appropriate nursing action at this time?
- A. Tell the client that the drug is ibuprofen.
- B. Explain that the prescribed medication must be taken.
- C. Advise the client to take the drug with plenty of water.
- D. Report the information to the charge nurse.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reporting the client's adverse reaction to the charge nurse ensures proper communication and potential adjustment of the medication plan.
Which client behavior would be a causative factor for developing Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans)?
- A. Drinking alcohol daily.
- B. Eating a high-fat diet.
- C. Chewing tobacco.
- D. Inhaling gasoline fumes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Buerger’s disease is strongly linked to tobacco use, including chewing tobacco (C), which causes vascular inflammation. Alcohol (A), high-fat diet (B), and gasoline fumes (D) are not primary causes.
The nurse is discharging a client diagnosed with DVT from the hospital. Which discharge instructions should be provided to the client?
- A. Have the PTT levels checked weekly until therapeutic range is achieved.
- B. Staying at home is best, but if traveling, airplanes are better than automobiles.
- C. Avoid green, leafy vegetables and notify the HCP of red or brown urine.
- D. Wear knee stockings with an elastic band around the top.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin for DVT requires avoiding variable green leafy vegetables (vitamin K) and reporting bleeding (red/brown urine) (C). PTT (A) is for heparin, travel (B) is incorrect (movement encouraged), and knee stockings (D) increase clot risk.