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Which diet is most appropriate for an adolescent with oral lesions and a herpes simplex infection of the mouth secondary to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
- A. High-calorie, bland diet
- B. Soft, low-protein diet
- C. Low-residue, low-fat diet
- D. High-residue, low-cholesterol diet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A high-calorie, bland diet supports nutritional needs while minimizing irritation to oral lesions, appropriate for an AIDS patient with oral herpes lesions.
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The nurse is admitting a neonate after delivery who is diagnosed with a myelomeningocele. Which intervention should the nurse implement immediately?
- A. Positions the infant prone and covers the sac with sterile gauze.
- B. Notifies the surgeon on call that the infant is ready for surgery.
- C. Applies a pressure dressing to the sac and starts an intravenous access.
- D. Positions the infant prone,hips slightly flexed and legs abducted.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Positioning prone with hips flexed and legs abducted minimizes sac tension and rupture risk. Sterile gauze risks adherence surgery follows stabilization and pressure dressings risk rupture.
Organogenesis is complete at:
- A. 2 weeks after ovulation.
- B. 6 weeks after ovulation.
- C. 8 weeks after ovulation.
- D. 18 weeks after ovulation.
- E. 20 weeks after ovulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Organogenesis the process of organ formation occurs during the embryonic period primarily between weeks 3 to 8 after ovulation (or 5 to 10 weeks gestational age). By 8 weeks post-ovulation major organ systems are formed making this the correct answer. Earlier or later weeks do not align with this developmental milestone.
Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the adolescent girl in preparation for X-rays?
- A. Is there any possibility that you're pregnant?
- B. Have you eaten anything in the past 24 hours?
- C. Have you taken any medications in the past 24 hours?
- D. Are you allergic to iodine or shellfish?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking about pregnancy is critical before X-rays, as radiation can harm a fetus, making it the most important question to ensure safety.
The nurse correctly explains that, during adolescence, being with a peer group and mimicking peer behaviors is part of the process of achieving which developmental task?
- A. Identity
- B. Intimacy
- C. Integrity
- D. Idealism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adolescence involves developing a sense of identity, often through peer group interactions and mimicking behaviors, as teens explore their place in the world.
Which information reported by the parents indicates a high risk for the presence of a brain tumor?
- A. The child vomits when first getting out of bed.
- B. The child frequently complains of nausea.
- C. The child forgets where homework is placed.
- D. The child's head tilts toward the side when sleeping.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morning vomiting is a classic sign of increased intracranial pressure from a brain tumor, as pressure is highest after lying flat overnight, making it a high-risk indicator.