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Which dinner menu is best suited for the patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder experiencing acute mania?
- A. Spaghetti and meatballs, salad, a banana
- B. Beef and vegetable stew, a roll, chocolate pudding
- C. Broiled chicken breast on a roll, an ear of corn, apple
- D. Chicken casserole, green beans, flavored gelatin with whipped cream
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Finger foods like chicken on a roll and corn allow the hyperactive patient to eat on the go. Other options require utensils, which may be impractical.
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The spouse of a patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder asks what evidence supports the possibility of genetic transmission of bipolar disorders. What response supported by research should the nurse provide?
- A. A high proportion of patients diagnosed with bipolar disorders are found among creative writers.'
- B. A higher rate of relatives diagnosed with bipolar disorder is found among patients with bipolar disorder.'
- C. Patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder have higher rates of relatives who respond in an exaggerated way to daily stresses.'
- D. More individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder come from high socioeconomic and educational backgrounds.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Higher incidence of bipolar disorder among relatives supports genetic transmission. Other options do not provide direct evidence for genetic links.
A patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder is in the maintenance phase of treatment. The patient asks, 'Do I have to keep taking this lithium even though my mood is stable now?' Select the nurse's most appropriate response.
- A. You will be able to stop the medication in approximately 1 month.'
- B. Taking the medication every day helps prevent relapses and recurrences.'
- C. Usually patients take this medication for approximately 6 months after discharge.'
- D. It's unusual that the health care provider has not already stopped your medication.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lithium maintenance prevents recurrences, and this response promotes compliance. Other options provide incorrect information.
At a unit meeting, staff members discuss the decor for a special room for patients experiencing mania. What select is the best option?
- A. Extra-large window with a view of the street
- B. Neutral walls with pale, simple accessories
- C. Brightly colored walls and print drapes
- D. Deep colors for walls and upholstery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A nonstimulating environment with neutral decor reduces sensory overload for manic patients. Other options may overstimulate or pose safety risks.
This is the primary reason that the cause of bipolar disorder has not been determined?
- A. Several factors, including genetics, are implicated.
- B. Brain structures were altered by trauma early in life.
- C. Excess norepinephrine is probably a major factor.
- D. Excess sensitivity in dopamine receptors may exist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The interplay of multiple factors, including genetics and neurotransmitter imbalances, is the most likely explanation for bipolar disorder. Other options are too specific or narrow.
This nursing diagnosis applies to a patient experiencing mania: imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, related to insufficient caloric intake and hyperactivity as evidenced by 5-pound weight loss in 4 days. What is the most appropriate outcome related to patient behavior?
- A. Asking staff for assistance with feeding within 4 days
- B. Drinking six servings of a high-calorie, high-protein drink each day
- C. Consistently sitting with others for at least 30 minutes at mealtime within 1 week
- D. Wearing appropriate attire for age and gender within 1 week while in the psychiatric unit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High-calorie, high-protein supplements address the nutritional deficit caused by hyperactivity. Other options do not directly ensure adequate caloric intake.