Nokea
Which does not require post exposure prophylaxis for rabies?
- A. scratch
- B. bite on face
- C. bite on extremity
- D. skin contact with blood, urine or faeces
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rabies PEP bites, scratches, bat splashes trigger; blood, pee, poop on skin don't. Nurses skip this chronic non-risk.
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What is the conventional definition of Microalbuminuria?
- A. Albumin excretion between 60 and 600 mg/24 hours
- B. Albumin excretion between 50 and 500 mg/24 hours
- C. Albumin excretion between 40 and 400 mg/24 hours
- D. Albumin excretion between 30 and 300 mg/24 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Microalbuminuria flags early kidney damage 30 to 300 mg/24 hours of albumin marks it, a standard tying subtle leaks to diabetes or hypertension's renal hit. Wider ranges 60-600, 50-500, 40-400 overreach into overt proteinuria; 20-200 dips too low, missing the threshold. This 30-300 zone signals preclinical harm, urging ACE inhibitors or tighter glucose/BP control, a chronic disease marker clinicians lean on to stall progression, precise yet practical.
In Home BP monitoring, which of the following readings show a normal night-time BP?
- A. 120/70 mmHg
- B. 135/85 mmHg
- C. 130/80 mmHg
- D. 125/75 mmHg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Home night BP 120/70 fits normal, not 130+ creepers. Nurses clock this chronic sleep dip.
Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a client in atrial fibrillation with a rate of 180 beats per minute?
- A. Apply compression stockings
- B. Administer medications to slow the rate
- C. Administer anticoagulants
- D. Monitor urine output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: AF at 180 bpm tanks output meds like beta-blockers or amiodarone slow it, restoring flow, a priority per ABCs over stockings' vein aid. Anticoagulants curb clots later; urine's secondary. Nurses push rate control, steadying this wild heart, a critical fix in this tachycardic storm.
12 lead Electrocardiography (ECG) is a diagnostic tool used to assess the cardiovascular system. Which of the following are not diagnosed by ECG?
- A. Arrhythmias
- B. Conduction abnormalities
- C. Fluid overload
- D. Enlargement of heart chambers
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ECG maps heart's electric arrhythmias, blocks, chamber bulges show up. Fluid overload? Physical, echo territory ECG hints, doesn't nail it. Nurses pair tools, a chronic heart's partial scope.
For a patient with osteogenic sarcoma, you would be particularly vigilant for elevations in which laboratory value?
- A. Sodium
- B. Calcium
- C. Potassium
- D. Hematocrit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Osteogenic sarcoma, a bone cancer, often triggers hypercalcemia bone destruction releases calcium into blood, risking arrhythmias or kidney damage, a life-threatening shift demanding close watch. Sodium and potassium imbalances aren't bone-specific, more tied to general metabolism or treatment side effects. Hematocrit reflects anemia, common in cancer but not osteogenic sarcoma's hallmark. Calcium's spike, linked to osteolysis, makes it the nurse's focus elevations signal tumor activity or progression, prompting urgent interventions like fluids or bisphosphonates, a vigilance rooted in this cancer's skeletal impact and metabolic havoc.