Nokea
Which drug should not be used to control secondary hypertension in a sexually active adolescent female who uses intermittent birth control?
- A. Beta blockers
- B. Calcium channel blockers
- C. ACE inhibitors
- D. Diuretics
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers are teratogenic and should be avoided in sexually active adolescents using birth control.
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True statements about the use of the new Child Health Foundation growth charts include:
- A. Immediate referral is advised if the height of a child is on the second centile
- B. The midparental height of a child, whose parents are 176 and 160 cm tall, is 175 cm
- C. They can be used for all children including those with Down's syndrome
- D. The target centile range for a girl is midparental height ± 10 cm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The growth charts are designed to be inclusive and can be used for children with Down's syndrome, among others.
Which plan would be appropriate in helping to control congestive heart failure (CHF) in an infant?
- A. Promoting fluid restriction
- B. Feeding a low-salt formula
- C. Feeding in semi-Fowler position
- D. Encouraging breast milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Feeding in a more upright position helps fluid drain from the lungs, improving breathing and reducing cardiac workload.
Nurse Kelly is teaching the parents of a young child how to handle poisoning. If the child ingests poison, what should the parents do first?
- A. Administer ipecac syrup
- B. Call an ambulance immediately
- C. Call the poison control center
- D. Punish the child for being bad
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calling the poison control center provides immediate guidance on how to handle the specific type of poisoning and whether further medical intervention is needed.
The nurse is assessing a child with acute otitis media. Which finding should the nurse expect?
- A. Bilateral eye discharge and fever
- B. A bulging, red tympanic membrane
- C. Nasal congestion and headache
- D. Persistent cough and sore throat
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute otitis media typically presents with a bulging, red tympanic membrane due to fluid accumulation and infection.
Liver failure in children:
- A. Is always chronic in nature
- B. Wilson's disease is a common cause
- C. Leads to failure to thrive
- D. One of the causes is Reye syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reye syndrome is a known cause of acute liver failure in children, often associated with viral infections and aspirin use.