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Which example shows correct comma usage for dates?
- A. The due date for the final paper in the course is Monday, May 16.
- B. Tuesday, March 10, 2021 was when the meeting took place.
- C. We will meet on Friday, March 11, 2022.
- D. We met on Monday, December 11, 2020.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it uses a comma to separate the day of the week from the date, as well as a comma after the month when the date is included in a sentence. In choice B, there should be commas after both the day of the week and the date. Choice C correctly uses commas after the day of the week and the date. Choice D incorrectly places the comma before the date instead of after the month.
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Which of the following sentences is punctuated correctly?
- A. A carpenter must use certain tools - hammers, saws, chisels - to finish a job.
- B. A carpenter must use certain tools: hammers, saws, chisels to finish a job.
- C. A carpenter must use certain tools hammers, saws, chisels to finish a job.
- D. A carpenter must use certain tools; hammers, saws, chisels to finish a job.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer as the sentence is correctly punctuated using em dashes to set off the list. The em dashes help to clearly separate the list of tools from the rest of the sentence. In Choice B, a colon is used, which is incorrect as colons are typically used to introduce a list, not within the list itself. Choice C lacks any punctuation to separate the list, making it unclear and incorrect. Choice D uses semicolons, which are not appropriate for separating items in a list, making it incorrect as well.
Which of the examples uses the correct plural form?
- A. Tomatoes
- B. Analysis
- C. Cacti
- D. Criterion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct plural form of 'cactus' is 'cacti' according to the English language rules for forming plural nouns ending in -us. The word 'cacti' is the plural form of 'cactus,' which follows this particular rule. Choice A 'Tomatoes' is incorrect because the correct plural form of 'tomato' is 'tomatoes,' not 'tomatos.' Choice B 'Analysis' is incorrect as it is already the plural form. Choice D 'Criterion' is incorrect as its plural form is 'criteria,' not 'criterion.'
Which of the following sentences shows correct word usage?
- A. It's often been said that work is better than rest.
- B. Its often been said that work is better than rest.
- C. It's often been said that work is better than rest.
- D. Its often been said that work is better than rest.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this sentence, 'It's' is the contraction for 'it is,' and 'than' is used correctly for comparisons (e.g., better than). Therefore, sentence C is correct because it uses 'It's' (it is) and 'than' (for comparison) properly. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Choice A lacks the necessary apostrophe in 'It's' (it is) and incorrectly uses 'then' instead of 'than.' Choice B incorrectly uses 'Its' (possessive form) instead of 'It's.' Choice D lacks the necessary apostrophe in 'It's' (it is) and incorrectly uses 'then' instead of 'than.'
Which of the following options is correctly punctuated?
- A. The runaway truck, which had been parked on a steep hill, swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
- B. The runaway truck which had been parked on a steep hill swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
- C. The runaway truck, which had been parked on a steep hill, swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
- D. The runaway truck which had been parked on a steep hill, swerved and teetered before jumping a curb and slamming into a tree.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The sentence correctly uses commas to set off the non-essential clause 'which had been parked on a steep hill.' The use of commas before and after the clause helps to distinguish it as additional information that could be omitted without changing the essential meaning of the sentence. Choices B, C, and D lack appropriate punctuation to set off the non-essential clause, making them incorrect. In these options, the absence of commas or the placement of commas incorrectly within the sentence affects the clarity and structure of the sentence, violating punctuation rules for non-essential clauses.
When studying vocabulary, a student notices that the words circumference, circumnavigate, and circumstance all begin with the prefix circum-. The student uses their knowledge of affixes to infer that all of these words share what related meaning?
- A. Around, surrounding
- B. Travel, transport
- C. Size, measurement
- D. Area, location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The prefix circum- means 'around' or 'surrounding.' In words like circumference (the distance around a circle), circumnavigate (to travel around something), and circumstance (the conditions surrounding an event), the prefix implies the idea of being around or encompassing. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the words do not primarily relate to travel, size, or area; instead, they share the common theme of being around or surrounding something.