Nokea
Which factor is most closely associated with successful smoking cessation?
- A. Enrollment in a short-term support group.
- B. Lack of reliance on nicotine gum as a secondary intervention.
- C. Preparation of a plan to deal with potential relapses.
- D. Reliance on a single intervention.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Having a plan to address potential relapses is crucial for long-term success in smoking cessation.
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The client is prescribed warfarin. What should the client be taught about this medication?
- A. Avoid foods high in vitamin K.
- B. Take the medication with food to prevent stomach upset.
- C. Take the medication at the same time every day.
- D. Increase the dose if a dose is missed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid foods high in vitamin K. Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by decreasing the blood's ability to clot. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting, so consuming foods high in vitamin K can interfere with the medication's effectiveness. It is important for the client to maintain a consistent intake of vitamin K to ensure the medication works properly. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because taking warfarin with food, at the same time daily, or increasing the dose if a dose is missed can result in adverse effects or reduced effectiveness of the medication.
The most important action in Mr. Johnson's care with possible acute myocarditis would be
- A. Placing him in a darkened room
- B. Keeping a nutritional intake record on him
- C. Keeping him on a regimen of complete bed rest
- D. Telling him not to worry, he will recover soon
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rest minimizes cardiac workload during inflammation.
What is a chronic lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema?
- A. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- B. Pneumonia
- C. Asthma
- D. Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is a chronic lung disease characterized by chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic bronchitis involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes, leading to excessive mucus production. Emphysema is the destruction of lung tissue, resulting in difficulty breathing. Pneumonia (B) is an acute infection of the lungs. Asthma (C) is a chronic condition characterized by airway inflammation and constriction. Tuberculosis (D) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis affecting the lungs. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it specifically encompasses chronic bronchitis and emphysema, distinguishing it from the other options.
What is a severe and often sudden allergic reaction that can lead to breathing difficulties and anaphylactic shock?
- A. Anaphylaxis
- B. Allergic rhinitis
- C. Bronchospasm
- D. Asthma attack
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis is a severe and sudden allergic reaction that can lead to breathing difficulties and anaphylactic shock due to the body's extreme immune response. Allergic rhinitis (B) is a milder allergic reaction affecting the nose and eyes. Bronchospasm (C) is a sudden constriction of the muscles in the airways, often associated with asthma. Asthma attack (D) refers to the exacerbation of asthma symptoms but does not necessarily involve anaphylactic shock.
The client on digoxin has a potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Administer a potassium supplement
- B. Hold the digoxin and notify the healthcare provider
- C. Continue the current digoxin dose
- D. Administer Digibind
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hold the digoxin and notify the healthcare provider. A potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity as hypokalemia potentiates its effects. Holding the digoxin and informing the healthcare provider allows for further assessment and possible adjustment of the medication regimen. Administering a potassium supplement (A) without adjusting the digoxin dose can still lead to toxicity. Continuing the current digoxin dose (C) without addressing the low potassium level puts the client at risk. Administering Digibind (D) is not necessary at this point as the priority is to address the low potassium level and prevent digoxin toxicity.