Nokea
Which finding would alert a nurse that a hospitalized 6-year-old child is at risk for a severe asthma exacerbation?
- A. Oxygen saturation of 95%
- B. Mild work of breathing
- C. Absence of intercostals or substernal retractions
- D. History of steroid-dependent asthma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A history of steroid-dependent asthma indicates severe asthma, increasing the risk of a life-threatening exacerbation.
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What are FIVE indications for surgical intervention in infective endocarditis?
- A. Heart block
- B. Abscess
- C. Valve dysfunction causing heart failure
- D. Large mobile vegetation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: These are typical indications for surgery when complications of infective endocarditis progress to life-threatening stages.
The following foramina are found in the brain:
- A. Foramen of Monro
- B. Foramen ovale
- C. Foramen of Magendie
- D. Foramen transversalis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Foramen of Monro: The foramen of Monro connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle and plays a key role in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
A nurse assesses a client after administering a prescribed beta blocker. Which assessment should the nurse expect to find?
- A. Blood pressure increased from 98/42 mm Hg to 132/60 mm Hg
- B. The respiratory rate decreased from 25 breaths/min to 14 breaths/min
- C. Pulse decreased from 100 beats/min to 80 beats/min
- D. Oxygen saturation increased from 88% to 96%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Beta blockers reduce heart rate and blood pressure. A decrease in pulse rate from 100 beats/min to 80 beats/min is consistent with the expected pharmacological effect of a beta blocker.
A 12-month-old child who had repair of a congenital heart defect at 8 months of age has a normal exam and is not taking any medications. The nurse practitioner will contact the child's cardiologist to discuss whether the child needs which medication?
- A. Amoxicillin
- B. Capoten
- C. Digoxin
- D. Furosemide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children who have had complete repair of congenital heart defect (CHD) should have subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE) prophylaxis with amoxicillin for 6 months after the procedure.
Which of the following is an example of ductus dependent systemic circulation?
- A. Severe Ebstein's anomaly
- B. Pulmonary atresia
- C. Tricuspid atresia
- D. Interruption of aortic arch
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Interruption of aortic arch is ductus dependent as it relies on the ductus arteriosus for systemic blood flow.