Nokea
Which hormone is produced by the corpus luteum that helps maintain pregnancy?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Testosterone
- C. Progesterone
- D. Relaxin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Progesterone. The corpus luteum produces progesterone, which is essential for maintaining the uterine lining and supporting early pregnancy. Progesterone helps prevent contractions of the uterus and supports the development of the placenta. Estrogen (A) is important for the initial thickening of the uterine lining but does not play a direct role in maintaining pregnancy. Testosterone (B) is not involved in pregnancy maintenance. Relaxin (D) helps relax the uterine muscles but is not primarily responsible for maintaining pregnancy.
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Which one of the following is not one of the secondary sex characteristics typical of males?
- A. Deepening voice
- B. Increased growth of body hair
- C. Enlargement of skeletal muscle mass
- D. Development of breast tissue
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Development of breast tissue. This is not a secondary sex characteristic typical of males because breast development is a primary sex characteristic associated with females due to the presence of estrogen. In males, the secondary sex characteristics include deepening voice, increased growth of body hair, and enlargement of skeletal muscle mass due to the effects of testosterone. Breast tissue development in males, known as gynecomastia, is abnormal and can be caused by hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions.
The nurse is providing teaching by telephone to a patient who is scheduled for a pelvic examination and Pap test next week. The nurse instructs the patient that she should
- A. not have sexual intercourse the day before the Pap test.
- B. shower, but not take a tub bath, before the examination.
- C. avoid douching for at least 24 hours before the examination.
- D. schedule to have the Pap test just after her menstrual period
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Douching can alter the vaginal pH and flora, affecting the accuracy of Pap test results. By avoiding douching for at least 24 hours before the exam, the patient ensures more accurate results.
A: Not having sexual intercourse the day before the Pap test is not necessary for test accuracy.
B: Showering is recommended for hygiene but taking a tub bath does not impact the test.
D: Scheduling the test just after the menstrual period may be more comfortable for the patient, but it does not affect the accuracy of the test.
If bone is splintered or crushed in several places it is termed as
- A. Complex fracture
- B. Greenstick fracture
- C. Impacted fracture
- D. Comminuted fracture
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Comminuted fracture. This type of fracture occurs when the bone is splintered or crushed in several places, leading to multiple bone fragments. This term accurately describes the situation where the bone is broken into multiple pieces.
A: Complex fracture refers to a fracture that involves multiple breaks in a bone, but not necessarily into multiple small fragments.
B: Greenstick fracture is an incomplete fracture where the bone is bent but not completely broken.
C: Impacted fracture occurs when the broken ends of the bone are driven into each other, typically seen in a fall with a lot of force, but it does not involve multiple bone fragments like in a comminuted fracture.
Which of the following could inhibit the initiating labor?
- A. Administration of an antagonist of the actions of progesterone
- B. Administration of luteinizing hormone
- C. Administration of an antagonist of prostaglandin E2 effects
- D. Mechanically dilating and stimulating the cervix
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because prostaglandin E2 plays a key role in initiating labor by promoting uterine contractions. Administering an antagonist of prostaglandin E2 effects would inhibit this process. Choice A is incorrect as progesterone levels decrease to trigger labor. Choice B is incorrect as luteinizing hormone does not directly influence labor initiation. Choice D is incorrect because mechanical dilation does not inhibit labor initiation but rather can facilitate it.
To detect and diagnose genital tumors at an early stage, Mrs. Yashimoto should be instructed to have an annual examination that includes
- A. a Pap smear
- B. a pelvic examination
- C. gonadotropic titer studies
- D. vaginal smears for estrogen activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pap smears are essential for early detection of cervical cancer.