Nokea
Which hormone is produced by the pancreas to lower blood glucose levels?
- A. Glucagon
- B. Insulin
- C. Cortisol
- D. Melatonin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Insulin. Insulin, produced by the pancreas, is the hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose levels. It achieves this by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby reducing the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream.
Choice A, Glucagon, is actually a hormone produced by the pancreas that works to raise blood glucose levels by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose. Choice C, Cortisol, is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, not the pancreas, and is involved in stress response and regulation of metabolism. Choice D, Melatonin, is a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles and is not directly involved in blood glucose level regulation.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the function of the liver in digestion?
- A. To produce bile
- B. To store glucose
- C. To secrete digestive enzymes
- D. To detoxify harmful substances
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver's main role in digestion is to produce bile, a substance that aids in the breakdown and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile emulsifies fats, helping enzymes break them down into smaller molecules for easier absorption in the digestive tract. Therefore, the correct answer is A: 'To produce bile.' Storing glucose, secreting digestive enzymes, and detoxifying harmful substances are functions of the liver, but they are not primarily related to digestion.
What is the main function of the adrenal glands?
- A. Regulation of metabolism
- B. Production of bile
- C. Regulation of blood pressure
- D. Production of insulin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main function of the adrenal glands is to produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure, metabolism, and the body's stress response. While the adrenal glands do have some impact on metabolism, their primary function is not the direct regulation of metabolism. They are not involved in the production of bile or insulin. Therefore, the correct answer is the regulation of blood pressure.
What is the primary function of the immune system?
- A. To transport oxygen
- B. To fight infections
- C. To produce energy
- D. To regulate body temperature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary function of the immune system is to fight infections. It identifies and destroys pathogens like bacteria and viruses, protecting the body from harmful substances. While oxygen transportation is carried out by the respiratory system, energy production is mainly the role of the metabolic system, and body temperature regulation is managed by the thermoregulatory system. These functions are separate from the immune system's primary role of defending the body against infections.
What is the primary role of the large intestine?
- A. To absorb nutrients
- B. To absorb water
- C. To break down food
- D. To secrete digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb water. The primary role of the large intestine is to absorb water from indigestible food matter. This absorption process helps in forming solid waste for excretion. Nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the large intestine. Breaking down food and secreting digestive enzymes are functions primarily associated with the stomach and small intestine.
Which organelle in the cell is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins?
- A. Ribosome
- B. Golgi apparatus
- C. Endoplasmic reticulum
- D. Mitochondrion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is an organelle responsible for packaging and distributing proteins and lipids within the cell. It modifies, sorts, and packages these molecules into vesicles for transportation to their final destinations, either within the cell or outside of it. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the secretory pathway of cells, ensuring that proteins are properly processed and directed to where they are needed. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, not packaging and distributing proteins. The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein synthesis and folding but not primarily in packaging and distributing proteins. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell and are responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration, not packaging and distributing proteins.