Nokea
Which hormone, produced by the ovaries, is responsible for the development of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle and supports early pregnancy?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Progesterone
- C. Testosterone
- D. Prolactin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Progesterone, produced by the ovaries, is responsible for the development of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle and supports early pregnancy. While estrogen also plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, progesterone is specifically known for its role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and maintaining the uterine lining. Testosterone is primarily a male sex hormone and not directly involved in these processes. Prolactin is a hormone that is mainly associated with milk production and not related to the development of the uterine lining or early pregnancy.
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What property of a substance remains constant regardless of the amount of the substance present?
- A. Mass
- B. Weight
- C. Density
- D. Volume
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Density. Density is a physical property of a substance that remains constant regardless of the amount of the substance present. Mass (Choice A) is the amount of matter in an object and can change depending on the amount of the substance. Weight (Choice B) is the force exerted on an object due to gravity and can vary with location. Volume (Choice D) is the amount of space occupied by a substance and can change if the amount of the substance changes.
If the mass of an object remains constant and its velocity doubles, how does its momentum change?
- A. Momentum doubles
- B. Momentum halves
- C. Momentum quadruples
- D. Momentum remains the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Momentum is calculated as the product of an object's mass and its velocity. When the mass remains constant and the velocity doubles, the momentum will increase by a factor of 2 (doubling) due to the increase in velocity. Therefore, the momentum will quadruple (2 x 2 = 4) when the velocity doubles. This relationship between momentum and velocity showcases the direct proportionality of momentum to velocity, given a constant mass. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Momentum does not simply double or halve when the velocity doubles; it quadruples as it is directly proportional to the velocity. Hence, the correct answer is C, where momentum quadruples in this scenario.
Diabetic nephropathy, a complication of diabetes, affects the:
- A. Ureters
- B. Bladder
- C. Urethra
- D. Nephrons
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Diabetic nephropathy, a complication of diabetes, affects the nephrons. Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys responsible for filtering blood and producing urine. The high blood sugar levels associated with diabetes can damage the nephrons over time, leading to kidney dysfunction and, ultimately, kidney failure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because diabetic nephropathy primarily impacts the nephrons in the kidneys, not the ureters, bladder, or urethra.
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body?
- A. Pulmonary arteries
- B. Pulmonary veins
- C. Systemic arteries
- D. Systemic veins
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is systemic arteries. Systemic arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body to provide oxygen and nutrients to tissues. Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. Pulmonary veins transport oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart. Systemic veins return deoxygenated blood from the body tissues to the heart for reoxygenation. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body.
The largest level of ecological organization is a:
- A. Population
- B. Community
- C. Ecosystem
- D. Biome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A) Population: A population consists of individuals of the same species living in the same area. It is a smaller level of ecological organization compared to a biome.
B) Community: A community consists of populations of different species living and interacting in the same area. It is a larger level of organization than a population but smaller than an ecosystem or biome.
C) Ecosystem: An ecosystem includes all living organisms (biotic factors) and their physical environment (abiotic factors) interacting in a particular area. It is a larger level of organization than a community but smaller than a biome.
D) Biome: The correct answer is D - Biome. A biome is the largest level of ecological organization and encompasses a large geographic area characterized by a specific climate, vegetation, and animal life. Biomes can be found on multiple continents and are defined by similar abiotic and biotic factors. Therefore, it is the largest level of ecological organization among the options provided, making it the correct answer.