Nokea
Which important functions of regulation of water balance and acid-base balance occur in the distal convoluted tubes of the nephron?
- A. Secretion of H+ into filtrate
- B. Reabsorption of water without ADH
- C. Reabsorption of Na+ in exchange for K+
- D. Reabsorption of glucose and amino acids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The distal convoluted tubules play a role in secreting H+ into the filtrate and reabsorption of water under ADH influence for regulation of water and acid-base balance.
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A teaching plan developed by the nurse for the patient with a new ileal conduit includes instructions to do what?
- A. Clean the skin around the stoma with alcohol every day.
- B. Use a wick to keep the skin dry during appliance changes.
- C. Use sterile supplies and technique during care of the stoma.
- D. Change the appliance every day and wash it with soap and warm water.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because using sterile supplies and technique during care of the stoma is crucial to prevent infection and promote healing. Cleanliness is essential in stoma care to avoid complications. Using a wick or changing the appliance every day may not be the most important aspect of caring for a new ileal conduit.
Which intervention should you delegate to the nursing assistant for a patient with cystitis?
- A. Show the patient how to secure a clean-catch urine sample.
- B. Check the patient's urine for color, odor, and sediment.
- C. Review the nursing care plan and add nursing interventions.
- D. Provide the patient with a clean-catch urine sample container.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reviewing the nursing care plan and adding nursing interventions can be delegated to the nursing assistant as it does not involve any complex medical procedures or decision-making.
During the nursing assessment of the patient with renal insufficiency, the nurse asks the patient specifically about a history of
- A. angina
- B. asthma
- C. hypertension
- D. rheumatoid arthritis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypertension is a common complication of renal insufficiency and is important to assess as it can impact the progression of the disease and treatment options.
The male patient is admitted with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). What urination characteristics should the nurse expect to assess in this patient?
- A. Oliguria
- B. Hesitancy
- C. Hematuria
- D. Pneumaturia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hesitancy is a common urination characteristic in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Oliguria, hematuria, and pneumaturia are not typically associated with BPH.
Which characteristic is more likely with acute pyelonephritis than with a lower UTI?
- A. Fever
- B. Dysuria
- C. Urgency
- D. Frequency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because fever is more commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis, which is an infection of the renal parenchyma, compared to lower UTIs that primarily affect the bladder and urethra. Dysuria, urgency, and frequency can occur in both types of UTIs but may be more severe in acute pyelonephritis.