Nokea
Which individual would be at the greatest risk for deficiencies in water-soluble vitamins?
- A. An individual who regularly consumes fruits and vegetables.
- B. An individual with a high intake of dairy products.
- C. An individual who consumes a diet high in processed foods.
- D. An individual who frequently eats organ meats.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'An individual who consumes a diet high in processed foods.' Processed foods are often deficient in water-soluble vitamins such as vitamin C and B vitamins, which can lead to deficiencies. On the other hand, fruits, vegetables, and organ meats are rich sources of these vitamins, so individuals who consume these regularly are less likely to develop deficiencies. While dairy products do contain some water-soluble vitamins, they are not depleted as quickly as they are in a diet high in processed foods, making a deficiency less likely.
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What is the term for mobilizing people to become aware of their own problems and to take action to solve them?
- A. Community Organizing
- B. Family Nursing Care Plan
- C. Nursing Intervention
- D. Nursing Process
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Community Organizing. This involves engaging and mobilizing individuals in a community or group to take action for the mutual benefit or to solve common problems. The options 'Family Nursing Care Plan', 'Nursing Intervention', and 'Nursing Process' are incorrect as these terms refer to specific nursing practices and methods, not the broader action of mobilizing and engaging a community to solve its own problems. Moreover, the provided rationale does not match the original question and correct answer. It instead describes the proactive and preventative nature of nursing care, which is unrelated to the concept of community organizing.
During blood administration, what is essential for the nurse to do in order to carefully monitor for adverse reactions?
- A. Stay with the client for the first 15 minutes of blood administration
- B. Stay with the client for the entire period of blood administration
- C. Run the infusion at a faster rate during the first 15 minutes
- D. Inform the client to notify the staff immediately for any adverse reaction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context of blood administration, it's crucial for the nurse to stay with the client for the first 15 minutes. This is because most adverse reactions are likely to occur within this initial period. Monitoring the client closely during this time allows for immediate detection and response to any potential reactions. Choice B, staying with the client for the entire period of blood administration, is not typically feasible or necessary, although regular checks should be conducted. Running the infusion at a faster rate during the first 15 minutes (Choice C) is incorrect as this can actually increase the risk of adverse reactions. Informing the client to notify the staff immediately for any adverse reaction (Choice D) is an important practice, but it is not the most direct way for the nurse to monitor for adverse reactions.
24 hours after the creation of a colostomy, what should Nurse Violy identify as the normal appearance of the stoma?
- A. Pink, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
- B. Gray, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
- C. Pink, dry, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
- D. Red, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Following colostomy surgery, a healthy stoma should appear pink, moist, and slightly protruding from the abdomen, which is why option 'A' is the correct answer. A gray stoma (choice 'B') could indicate poor blood supply or necrosis, which is a serious complication. A dry stoma (choice 'C') is also not normal as it should be moist; a dry stoma may suggest dehydration or other complications. While a stoma can appear red (choice 'D'), this is not typically the normal color; it should usually be pink. Therefore, it's important for healthcare professionals to correctly identify the normal and abnormal appearances of a stoma to ensure proper patient care.
What is the name of the record that shows all medications and treatments provided on a repeated basis?
- A. Nursing Health History and Assessment Worksheet
- B. Discharge Summary
- C. Nursing Kardex
- D. Medicine and Treatment Record
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 'Medicine and Treatment Record' is the document that maintains a comprehensive log of all medications and treatments provided on a routine basis. It does not refer to the 'Discharge Summary', which is a clinical report prepared by healthcare professionals at the end of a hospital stay or series of treatments. The 'Nursing Health History and Assessment Worksheet' is used to gather comprehensive data about the patient's health history and current health status, but it does not record ongoing treatment details. The 'Nursing Kardex' is a patient care information system used to quickly communicate patient needs, but it does not consistently record all medications and treatments provided.
Why does Anita stand in front of the mirror while performing a Breast Self-Examination (BSE)?
- A. To check for unusual discharges from the breast
- B. To check for any obvious malignancy
- C. To observe the size and contour of the breast
- D. To check for thickness and lumps in the breast
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When performing a Breast Self-Examination (BSE), one of the reasons for standing in front of a mirror is to observe the size and contour of the breast (Choice C). This helps in identifying any visible changes or abnormalities such as dimpling, puckering, or changes in the size and shape of the breasts. While unusual discharges (Choice A) and thickness or lumps (Choice D) can be part of the changes a person might notice during a BSE, these are typically identified by palpation or by squeezing the nipple for discharge, not by just looking in the mirror. Choice B, checking for obvious malignancy, is too vague and not specific enough as malignancy is often not visible to the naked eye.