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Which young adult exemplifies Kohlberg’s postconventional level of moral reasoning?
- A. A 28-year-old who helps a friend move despite calling in sick
- B. A 22-year-old man who uses marijuana on weekends
- C. A 30-year-old woman who volunteers at a soup kitchen
- D. A 35-year-old working long hours for a promotion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kohlberg’s postconventional stage involves moral reasoning based on what is considered “right” for the greater good, as exemplified by volunteering at a soup kitchen.
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A 27-year-old woman has not received a Pap test in years. This assessment finding identifies an alteration in which functional pattern?
- A. Health-perception–health-management pattern
- B. Elimination pattern
- C. Activity-rest pattern
- D. Self-perception–self-concept pattern
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The failure to receive a Pap test is related to health perceptions and management, which affects health maintenance practices.
Which ethical concept is described as the “duty to maximize the benefits of actions while minimizing harm”?
- A. Advocacy
- B. Justice
- C. Beneficence
- D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Beneficence involves actions that promote good and minimize harm, ensuring positive outcomes for individuals.
Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global approach to health?
- A. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
- B. Healthy People 2020
- C. Healthy People 2000
- D. The U.S. Surgeon General Report
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Healthy People 2000 was a landmark document in creating a global approach to health, with its revisions focusing on a broader public health perspective.
An example of a Hispanic American nurse promoting cultural competency is:
- A. Providing translation services for all Hispanic Americans
- B. Focusing on episodic care of illnesses with Hispanic Americans
- C. Taking a class about the Hispanic American culture
- D. Providing care for all Hispanic American persons in her clinic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cultural competency involves understanding and respecting diverse cultures, and taking a class about the culture broadens the nurse’s educational base.
WHO's Malnutrition Classifications
- A. Obesity
- B. Micronutrient deficiencies
- C. Protein-energy malnutrition
- D. Water insufficiency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Obesity is part of the WHO’s classification of malnutrition due to its links to various chronic diseases.