Nokea
Which information should the nurse know when caring for a child with Kawasaki disease?
- A. A child’s fever is usually responsive to antibiotics within 48 hours.
- B. The principal area of involvement is the joints.
- C. Aspirin is contraindicated.
- D. Therapeutic management includes administration of gamma globulin and aspirin.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High-dose IV gamma globulin and aspirin therapy is indicated to reduce the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities when given within the first 10 days of the illness. The fever of Kawasaki disease is unresponsive to antibiotics and antipyretics. Mucous membranes, conjunctiva, changes in the extremities, and cardiac involvement are seen. Aspirin is part of the therapy.
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Regarding immunoglobins:
- A. IgG2 concentrations increase with age
- B. IgD is useful in mediating the late features of allergic reactions
- C. IgG2 subclass deficiency is associated with IgA deficiency
- D. IgM is complement-fixing antibody
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IgM is complement-fixing antibody
An infant is hospitalized for treatment of nonorganic failure to thrive. Which nursing action is most appropriate for this infant?
- A. Encouraging the infant to hold a bottle
- B. Keeping the infant on bed rest to conserve energy
- C. Rotating caregivers to provide more stimulation
- D. Maintaining a consistent, structured environment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A consistent, structured environment helps build trust and security, which is essential for an infant with nonorganic failure to thrive.
Systolic murmur in which among the following conditions does not increase in intensity in the cardiac cycle after a premature ventricular contraction?
- A. Valvular aortic stenosis
- B. Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
- C. Valvular pulmonic stenosis
- D. Mitral valve prolapse
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mitral valve prolapse does not typically increase in intensity after a premature ventricular contraction.
A two-year-old child should have been immunised against:
- A. Tetanus
- B. Polio
- C. Measles
- D. Hepatitis A
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: By the age of two, a child should have received the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella.
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
- A. Sleep without pillows at night to maintain neck alignment.
- B. Adjust food intake to three full meals per day and no snacks.
- C. Minimize symptoms by wearing loose, comfortable clothing
- D. Avoid participation in any aerobic exercise programs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loose clothing reduces pressure on the abdomen, which can help minimize GERD symptoms.