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Which instruction is best when teaching the client about inserting vaginal medication?
- A. Place the applicator just inside the vaginal opening.
- B. Insert the applicator while sitting on the toilet.
- C. Instill the medication just before retiring for sleep.
- D. Put on disposable latex gloves before applying the drug.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Instilling vaginal medication before sleep allows the medication to remain in the vagina longer, increasing its effectiveness.
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The nurse correctly informs the client that fibrocystic lesions may become larger and more tender at what time?
- A. The nurse has a normal cycle
- B. After sexual intercourse
- C. Nearer to beginning menopause
- D. Just before menstruation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fibrocystic breast changes are hormone-dependent and typically worsen just before menstruation due to increased estrogen and progesterone levels, causing lesions to enlarge and become tender.
The nurse is teaching a class on Breast Health Awareness. Which are the American Cancer Society’s recommended guidelines for the performance of breast self-examination (BSE)? List in order of recommended performance.
- A. Visualize the breast from the front while standing before a mirror.
- B. Gently squeeze the nipple to express any fluid.
- C. Turn to each side and view each breast in the mirror.
- D. Palpate each breast in a circular motion while lying on the back.
- E. Palpate each breast in a circular motion while in the shower.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,B
Rationale: ACS BSE steps: 1) Front mirror visualization; 2) Side visualization; 3) Lying palpation; 4) Shower palpation; 5) Nipple check for discharge.
The client diagnosed with gestational diabetes delivered a 10-pound 5-ounce infant. Which is priority for the nursery nurse to monitor?
- A. Failure to latch on to the breast during feeding.
- B. Jaundice and clay-colored stools.
- C. Parchment-like skin and lack of lanugo.
- D. Low blood glucose readings.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Macrosomic infants from gestational diabetes are at risk for hypoglycemia; monitoring blood glucose is priority. Latching issues, jaundice, and skin changes are secondary.
The female client diagnosed with human papillomavirus (HPV) asks the nurse, 'What other problems can HPV lead to?' Which statement is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. HPV is transmitted during sexual intercourse.'
- B. HPV infection can cause cancer of the cervix.'
- C. It has been known to lead to ovarian problems.'
- D. Regular Pap smears can help prevent problems.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HPV is a major cause of cervical cancer, a critical complication to highlight. Transmission mode is irrelevant, ovarian issues are unrelated, and Pap smears detect, not prevent, issues.
A nurse has been asked to teach ovulation and menstruation to a class of secondary school students. Place the events listed below in the order in which they occur in the menstrual cycle after menstrual flow ends. Use all the options.
- A. Ovum is released.
- B. Progesterone decreases.
- C. Endometrium begins to thicken.
- D. Ovarian follicle matures.
- E. Endometrium is shed.
- F. Corpus luteum forms.
Correct Answer: C,D,A,F,B,E
Rationale: After menstruation, the sequence is: endometrium thickens (follicular phase), ovarian follicle matures, ovum is released (ovulation), corpus luteum forms, progesterone decreases (if no pregnancy), and endometrium is shed (next menstruation).