Nokea
Which instruction will the nurse give the patient taking isotretinoin to treat acne?
- A. Do not take acetaminophen when using this medication.
- B. This medication may cause dry skin or eczema to develop
- C. Wear heavy makeup to cover up the acne until this medication takes effect
- D. Stay away from school or your friends until this medication begins to take effect.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isotretinoin may cause dry skin or eczema to develop. There is no reason to avoid acetaminophen when using this medication. Heavy makeup is not advised. The nurse should provide emotional support to the patient with acne so the patient can continue their lifestyle.
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The nurse has staged a pressure injury that has a shallow crater with a dry pink wound bed in which way?
- A. stage 1.
- B. stage 2.
- C. stage 3.
- D. stage 4.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stage 2 pressure injuries appear as a shallow open injury, usually shiny or dry, with a red-pink wound bed without slough. Stage 1 involves intact skin with non-blanchable redness. A stage 3 pressure injury involves full-thickness tissue loss and sometimes subcutaneous fat is visible. At stage 4, there is a full thickness tissue loss with exposed bone, tendon, cartilage or muscle.
A patient has sustained a burn injury following a house fire. Which finding indicates the need to observe the patient for airway complications?
- A. Bradypnea
- B. Singed nasal hairs
- C. Burns to the upper arms
- D. Intercostal retractions
- E. Grunting noted with respiration
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: A patient who has sustained a burn injury should be monitored for airway complications if the patient has singed nasal hairs, intercostal retractions or grunting respirations. Tachypnea, not bradypnea, is a finding suggestive of potential airway complications. A patient with burns to the face, neck and upper chest requires further observation.
Which will a patient be assessed for upon the diagnosis of genital herpes?
- A. Hepatitis B
- B. Syphilis
- C. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
- D. Cirrhosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Persons with genital herpes should be assessed for HIV because the therapy for herpes is suppressive; persons with HIV are not candidates for suppressant therapy. Hepatitis B, syphilis and cirrhosis are not associated with genital herpes.
Which patient statement indicates that more teaching is needed regarding antibiotic therapy for the treatment of cellulitis?
- A. My skin is cleared up. I don't think I need the medication anymore.'
- B. Cellulitis can come back at any time.'
- C. If I had washed that scratch with soap and water, I probably would not have gotten cellulitis.'
- D. Cellulitis is contagious.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The entire amount of antibiotic medication should be completed even if the symptoms have abated to ensure the eradication of the infectious agent. Cellulitis can return if untreated or undertreated. Washing wounds with soap and water can prevent many infections, but this is not related to the discussion of antibiotics. Cellulitis can spread, however this is not related to the discussion of antibiotics.
A school nurse assesses a child who has an erythematous circular patch of vesicles on her scalp with alopecia and report spain and pruritus. For which reason will the nurse use a Woods lamp?
- A. To dry out the lesions.
- B. To reduce the pruritus.
- C. To kill the fungus.
- D. To cause fluorescence of the infected hairs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tinea capitis is commonly known as ringworm of the scalp. Microsporum audouinii is the major fungal pathogen. The use of the diagnostic Woods lamp causes the infected hairs to turn a brilliant blue green. The Woods lamp does not dry out lesions, reduce pruritus or kill fungus.