Nokea
Which is a property of an ionic compound?
- A. Low melting point
- B. Poor conductivity
- C. Shared electrons
- D. Crystalline shape
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ionic compounds are composed of positively and negatively charged ions that are held together by strong electrostatic forces. These ions arrange themselves in a repeating pattern to form a stable and orderly structure known as a crystalline shape. This is a characteristic property of ionic compounds, making choice D the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because ionic compounds typically have high melting points, good conductivity in the molten or dissolved state, and do not involve shared electrons but rather the transfer of electrons between atoms.
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Al(NO3)3 + H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + HNO3 is an example of which kind of reaction?
- A. Decomposition reaction
- B. Synthesis reaction
- C. Single replacement reaction
- D. Double replacement reaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The given chemical equation represents a single replacement reaction. In this reaction, aluminum (Al) displaces hydrogen in sulfuric acid (H2SO4), forming aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and releasing nitric acid (HNO3). Single replacement reactions involve an element replacing another element in a compound, which is evident in this reaction. Choice A, Decomposition reaction, is incorrect because decomposition reactions involve a single compound breaking down into two or more substances. Choice B, Synthesis reaction, is incorrect as it involves the combination of two or more substances to form a more complex compound. Choice D, Double replacement reaction, is also incorrect as it involves an exchange of ions between two compounds to form two new compounds.
What is an alloy in which another metal is dissolved in mercury (Hg) called?
- A. Electrum
- B. Amalgam
- C. Solder
- D. Bronze
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An amalgam is a type of alloy where another metal is dissolved in mercury (Hg). This process forms a unique mixture that has various applications in dentistry, chemistry, and other fields. Electrum is a natural alloy of gold and silver, solder is a metal alloy used to join other metals together, and bronze is a copper-tin alloy. Therefore, the correct answer is B - Amalgam.
What is the oxidation state of the chlorine atom in the compound HCl?
- A. +1
- B. -1
- C. +2
- D. -2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the compound HCl (hydrochloric acid), the hydrogen atom has an oxidation state of +1 based on the rules of assigning oxidation states. Since the overall compound is neutral, the oxidation state of chlorine must be -1 to balance the charge. Chlorine typically has an oxidation state of -1 in binary compounds with nonmetals, such as HCl. Therefore, the correct answer is -1. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the oxidation state of chlorine in HCl is -1, not +1, +2, or -2.
Radioactive isotopes are frequently used in medicine. What kind of half-life would a medical isotope probably have?
- A. Seconds-long
- B. Days-long
- C. Years-long
- D. Many years long
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medical isotopes used in diagnosis and treatment need to have a relatively short half-life to minimize radiation exposure to patients. If the half-life were too long (such as many years) or even years-long, the radiation would persist for too long and could be harmful to the patient. Seconds-long half-lives would not provide enough time for the isotope to be effective. Days-long half-lives strike a balance between providing enough time for the isotope to be used effectively and minimizing radiation exposure.
What is the normal body temperature in Fahrenheit?
- A. 96°F
- B. 98.6°F
- C. 100°F
- D. 95°F
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The normal body temperature for humans is 98.6°F, which is equivalent to 37°C. This temperature is considered the average baseline for most individuals when measured orally. Choice A (96°F) is too low for normal body temperature. Choice C (100°F) is too high for normal body temperature. Choice D (95°F) is also lower than the normal body temperature range. Therefore, the correct answer is B, 98.6°F.