Nokea
Which is most descriptive of the clinical manifestations observed in neonatal sepsis?
- A. Seizures and sunken fontanels
- B. Sudden hyperthermia and profuse sweating
- C. Decreased urinary output and frequent stools
- D. Nonspecific physical signs with hypothermia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neonatal sepsis is a serious condition in newborns that is challenging to diagnose due to nonspecific and variable clinical signs. Some of the common manifestations of neonatal sepsis include poor feeding, lethargy, unstable temperature (hypothermia or hyperthermia), respiratory distress, apnea, irritability, and jaundice. The presence of hypothermia is often noted in neonatal sepsis, but it is essential to keep in mind that clinical signs can be subtle and nonspecific in these cases. Seizures, sudden hyperthermia, profuse sweating, decreased urinary output, and frequent stools are less specific to neonatal sepsis and may be seen in other conditions as well. Regular monitoring, prompt evaluation, and appropriate treatment are crucial in managing neonatal sepsis due to the nonspecific nature of its clinical presentation.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is an appropriate nursing intervention to minimize separation anxiety in a hospitalized toddler?
- A. Provide for privacy
- B. Encourage parents to room in
- C. Explain procedures and routines
- D. Encourage contact with children the same age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging parents to room in with the hospitalized toddler is an appropriate nursing intervention to minimize separation anxiety. This allows the child to maintain a sense of security and familiarity by having their primary caregivers close by. Having parents present can provide comfort, reassurance, and emotional support for the child during their hospital stay, which can help alleviate separation anxiety. Additionally, parents can continue to provide their usual care and routines for the child, further promoting a sense of stability and security.
Mrs. Adams is scheduled for an intravemous pyelogram (IVP). Nurse Aura wpould be most concerned if the patient makes which of the following comments or statements?
- A. "I take Senokot (laxative) daily."
- B. "I often feel like my bladder is full even after voiding."
- C. "My whole face turns red when I eat mussels."
- D. "I experience headaches every 2 weeks."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurse Aura would be most concerned about the patient's statement regarding taking Senokot daily because laxatives can affect kidney function and urine production, which are important considerations during an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Laxatives can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which may affect the results and safety of the IVP procedure. It is crucial for the patient to disclose any medications or substances they are taking that could impact kidney function or urine production prior to undergoing the IVP. The other statements are not directly related to the IVP procedure or potential complications.
An adolescent teen has bulimia. Which assessment finding should the nurse expect to assess?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Cold intolerance
- D. Erosion of tooth enamel
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bulimia involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting. The frequent exposure of the teeth to stomach acid during vomiting can lead to erosion of tooth enamel. This can result in dental issues such as decay, sensitivity, and discoloration. Therefore, erosion of tooth enamel is a common assessment finding in individuals with bulimia. The other options (A. Diarrhea, B. Amenorrhea, C. Cold intolerance) are not typically associated with bulimia.
A client with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and a history of two myocardial infarctions and coronary artery disease is to receive levothyroxine (Synthroid). Because of the client's cardiac history, the nurse would expect that the client's initial dose for the thyroid replacement would be which of the following?
- A. 25 g/day, initially
- B. Delayed until after thyroid surgery
- C. 100 g/day, initially
- D. Initiated before thyroid surgery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a client with a history of two myocardial infarctions and coronary artery disease, initiating levothyroxine therapy with a low starting dose of 25 mcg/day is recommended. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy can potentially worsen underlying cardiac conditions, so a cautious approach is necessary. The dose may be gradually titrated upwards based on thyroid function tests and the client's response. Delaying treatment until after thyroid surgery (option B) is not necessary in this scenario if the client requires thyroid hormone replacement. Initiating levothyroxine before thyroid surgery (option D) is not relevant to the given clinical situation. Starting with a higher dose of 100 mcg/day (option C) may pose a higher risk of cardiac complications in this client with a cardiac history.
The nurse provides care for a client with deep partial-thickness burns. What could cause a reduced hematocrit (Hct) in this client?
- A. Hypoalbuminemia with hemoconcentration
- B. Volume overload with hemodilution
- C. Metabolic acidosis
- D. Lack of erythropoeitin factor
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A reduced hematocrit (Hct) in a client with deep partial-thickness burns can be primarily caused by volume overload with hemodilution. In patients with burns, there is an initial shift of fluid from the intravascular space to the interstitial space, leading to a decreased intravascular volume. In response to this hypovolemia, there is an increased release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone, resulting in retention of water and sodium. This volume overload leads to hemodilution, where the proportion of red blood cells to plasma decreases, causing a reduction in hematocrit levels. This scenario is a common occurrence in clients with burn injuries and helps explain the reduced hematocrit in this client.