Nokea
Which key point is important for the nurse to understand regarding the perinatal continuum of care?
- A. Begins with conception and ends with the birth
- B. Begins with family planning and continues until the infant is 1 year old
- C. Begins with prenatal care and continues until the newborn is 24 weeks old
- D. Refers to home care only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The perinatal continuum of care spans from family planning through to the infant's first year, including both home and healthcare facility services. It covers more than just prenatal care and birth.
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The nurse is assessing a 25-year-old female patient when the patient becomes tearful. The patient states that she has thin milky discharge from her nipples and two small masses on her left breast. She has lost over 40 pounds in the past year due to intensive exercises and finds that she needs to wear a sports bra during her sessions. The patient states that she is afraid that she will become the first member of her family to have breast cancer. Besides a negative mammogram, what other symptoms would correlate with this being a benign finding? Select all that apply.
- A. Milky discharge from nipples
- B. Extensive weight loss
- C. Painful masses
- D. Mood swings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Milky discharge from nipples. Milky discharge from nipples is often a benign finding and can be related to hormonal changes or medications. In this case, the patient's description of thin milky discharge in the context of her age, weight loss, and fear of breast cancer makes it more likely to be benign. The other choices are incorrect because extensive weight loss and painful masses could be concerning signs of malignancy, and mood swings are not directly related to breast cancer diagnosis. Therefore, the presence of milky discharge from the nipples in this patient's case would be more indicative of a benign finding.
Which statement regarding the Family Systems Theory is inaccurate?
- A. Family system is part of a larger suprasystem.
- B. Family, as a whole, is equal to the sum of the individual members.
- C. Changes in one family member affect all family members.
- D. Family is able to create a balance between change and stability.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family Systems Theory posits that the family as a whole is greater than the sum of its individual members, meaning the family's dynamics are more complex than just the sum of each individual. The other statements are accurate according to this theory.
A nurse is entering information on the patient’s electronic health record (EHR) and is called to assist in an emergency situation with regard to another patient in the labor and birth suite. The nurse rushes to the scene to assist; however, she leaves the chart open on the computer screen. The emergent patient situation is resolved satisfactorily, and the nurse comes back to the computer entry screen to complete charting. At the end of the shift, the nurse manager asks to speak with the nurse and tells her that she is concerned with what happened today on the unit because there was a breach in confidentiality. Which response by the nurse indicates that she understands the nurse manager’s concerns?
- A. The nurse acknowledges that she should have made sure that her patient was safe before assisting with the emergency.
- B. The nurse states that she should have logged out of the EHR prior to attending to the emergency.
- C. The nurse indicates that the unit was understaffed.
- D. The nurse indicates that the she changed her password following the clinical emergency to maintain confidentiality.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. The correct answer is B because logging out of the EHR prior to attending to the emergency is crucial to maintain patient confidentiality.
2. By leaving the EHR open, the nurse exposed sensitive patient information to potential unauthorized access.
3. This action violates patient privacy rights and is a breach of confidentiality.
4. Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the specific issue of breaching patient confidentiality by leaving the EHR open.
5. Choice C is irrelevant as understaffing does not excuse the breach of patient confidentiality.
6. Choice D is incorrect as changing the password after the breach does not rectify the initial mistake of leaving the EHR open.
Summary: Choice B is the correct response as it directly addresses the breach of confidentiality by acknowledging the importance of logging out of the EHR to protect patient information. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not effectively address the issue of breaching patient confidentiality.
The nurse is reviewing the principles of family-centered care with a primiparous patient. Which patient statement will the nurse need to correct?
- A. “Remaining focused on my family will help benefit me and my baby.”
- B. “Most of the time, childbirth is uncomplicated and a healthy event for the family.”
- C. “Because childbirth is normal, after my baby’s birth our family dynamics will not N R I G B.C M U S N T O change.”
- D. “With correct information, I am able to make decisions regarding my health care while I am pregnant.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it is important for the nurse to clarify that childbirth can indeed bring about changes in family dynamics, as adding a new member can impact relationships and roles. This is a key principle of family-centered care. Choice A emphasizes the importance of family support, which aligns with the concept. Choice B highlights the commonality of uncomplicated childbirth, which is also relevant. Choice D emphasizes the patient's autonomy in decision-making, which is another important aspect of family-centered care.
Which contraceptive method best protects against STIs and the HIV?
- A. Periodic abstinence
- B. Barrier methods
- C. Hormonal methods
- D. Same protection with all methods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Barrier methods, such as condoms, protect against STIs and HIV the best of all contraceptive methods. Periodic abstinence and hormonal methods do not offer protection against STIs or HIV.