Nokea
Which lab result indicates worsening acute renal failure?
- A. Creatinine 3.5 mg/dL.
- B. BUN 20 mg/dL.
- C. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L.
- D. Sodium 140 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated creatinine indicates reduced kidney function in acute renal failure.
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The nurse provides discharge instructions to a client diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis. Which of the following statements by the client would indicate effective understanding? Select all that apply.
- A. It is okay for me to wear my contact lenses during this infection.'
- B. Swimming during this infection is allowed.'
- C. I should not share my towels with family members.'
- D. To prevent injury, I should not rub my eye.'
- E. I should wash my hands frequently.'
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Bacterial conjunctivitis requires avoiding contact lenses and swimming to prevent worsening or spreading infection, not sharing towels, avoiding eye rubbing to prevent corneal damage, and frequent hand washing to reduce transmission.
The nurse should caution sexually active female clients taking isoniazid (INH) that the drug has which of the following effects?
- A. Increases the risk of vaginal infection.
- B. Has mutagenic effects on ova.
- C. Decreases the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives.
- D. Inhibits ovulation.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isoniazid induces liver enzymes, potentially reducing the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives. It does not increase vaginal infection risk, affect ova, or inhibit ovulation.
After a subtotal gastrectomy, care of the client's nasogastric (NG) tube and drainage system should include which of the following nursing interventions?
- A. Irrigate the tube with 30 mL of sterile water every hour, if needed.
- B. Reposition the tube if it is not draining well.
- C. Monitor the client for nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention.
- D. Turn the machine to high suction if the drainage is sluggish on low suction.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring for nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention is essential to detect complications such as obstruction or ileus. Routine irrigation, repositioning, or increasing suction without medical orders is unsafe.
A common abnormal laboratory result associated with the development of peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is:
- A. High serum calcium level
- B. High serum lipid levels
- C. Low serum lipid levels
- D. Low serum calcium level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High serum lipid levels, particularly elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, are a major risk factor for atherosclerosis, which underlies PVD. Lipid accumulation in arterial walls leads to plaque formation, narrowing vessels and reducing blood flow. Calcium levels are not directly associated with PVD, and low lipid levels are not a risk factor.
A client post-inguinal herniorrhaphy reports scrotal swelling 24 hours after surgery. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Apply a warm compress to the scrotum.
- B. Notify the surgeon.
- C. Elevate the scrotum and apply ice.
- D. Administer a diuretic as ordered.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevating the scrotum and applying ice is the first action to reduce scrotal swelling post-inguinal herniorrhaphy, a common postoperative finding. Warm compresses may worsen swelling, notification is needed if swelling persists, and diuretics are not indicated. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Synthesize