Nokea
Which lab result indicates worsening acute renal failure?
- A. Creatinine 3.5 mg/dL.
- B. BUN 20 mg/dL.
- C. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L.
- D. Sodium 140 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated creatinine indicates reduced kidney function in acute renal failure.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse has asked the nursing assistant to ambulate a client with Parkinson's disease. The nurse observes the nursing assistant pulling on the client's arms to get the client to walk forward. The nurse should:
- A. Have the nursing assistant keep a steady pull on the client to promote forward ambulation.
- B. Explain how to overcome a freezing gait by telling the client to march in place.
- C. Assist the nursing assistant with getting the client back in bed.
- D. Give the client a muscle relaxant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching the client to march in place helps overcome freezing gait, a common Parkinson's symptom. Pulling on arms is unsafe, returning to bed is unnecessary, and muscle relaxants are inappropriate.
A client in the postanesthesia care unit with a left below-the-knee amputation has pain in her left big toe. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
- A. Tell the client it is impossible to feel the pain.
- B. Show the client that the toes are not there.
- C. Explain to the client that her pain is real.
- D. Give the client the prescribed opioid analgesic.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phantom limb pain is real and distressing; acknowledging it validates the client's experience.
Which stone type is associated with acidic urine?
- A. Calcium oxalate.
- B. Uric acid.
- C. Struvite.
- D. Cystine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uric acid stones form in acidic urine, requiring alkalinization.
Peripheral blood flow is dependent on which of the following variables?
- A. Blood viscosity and diameter of vessels
- B. Diameter and resistance of vessels
- C. Force of contraction of the heart and resistance of vessels
- D. Pressure differences in the arterial and venous systems and resistance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peripheral blood flow depends on pressure differences between the arterial and venous systems (driving force) and vascular resistance (opposing force). This relationship is governed by Poiseuille's law and Ohm's law for fluid flow, where flow is proportional to the pressure gradient and inversely proportional to resistance. The other options are incomplete or incorrect combinations of factors.
A nurse is assessing a client with a urinary tract infection who takes an antihypertensive drug. The nurse reviews the client’s urinalysis results (see chart). The nurse should:
- A. Encourage the client to increase fl uid intake.
- B. Withhold the next dose of antihypertensive medication.
- C. Restrict the client’s sodium intake.
- D. Encourage the client to eat at least half of a banana per day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client’s urine specifi c gravity is elevated. Specific gravity is a refl ection of the concentrating ability of the kidneys. This level indicates that the urine is concentrated. By increasing fluid intake, the urine will become more dilute. Antihypertensives do not make urine more concentrated unless there is a diuretic component within them. The nurse should not hold a dose of antihypertensive medication. Sodium tends to pull water with it; by restricting sodium, less water, not more, will be present. Bananas do not aid in the dilution of urine.