Which lab test(s) would be used to assess liver and/or renal function before administering medications? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. CBC
- B. LDH
- C. ALT
- D. Crs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liver function tests include LDH (lactic dehydrogenase) and ALT (alanine aminotransferase). Renal function tests include Crs (serum creatinine) and BUN (blood urea nitrogen). Although a CBC (complete blood count) and an aPTT are useful in assessing the patient before administration of medication, they are not renal or hepatic function tests.
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Charlie is a 65-year-old male who has been diagnosed with hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Doxazosin has been chosen to treat his hypertension because it:
- A. Increases peripheral vasoconstriction
- B. Decreases detrusor muscle contractility
- C. Lowers supine blood pressure more than standing pressure
- D. Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Doxazosin, an alpha-1 blocker, relaxes bladder neck smooth muscle, aiding BPH, and lowers blood pressure.
All of the following are adverse effects of phenothiazines except
- A. Rigidity and tremor
- B. Menstrual irregularities
- C. Cholestatic jaundice
- D. Systolic hypertension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Phenothiazines cause hypotension, not hypertension.
Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6 year-old child with iron deficiency anemia. The nurse instructs the mother to administer the iron with which best food item?
- A. Milk
- B. Water
- C. Apple juice
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instructed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. Milk may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption. Orange juice contains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
Which of the following glucocorticosteroids are used for cerebral oedema:
- A. Triamcinolon
- B. Prednisolon
- C. Prednison
- D. Dexamethasone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dexamethasone is preferred for cerebral edema due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects and minimal mineralocorticoid activity.
James has hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression from chronic prednisone (a corticosteroid) use. He is at risk for what type of adverse drug reaction?
- A. Type B
- B. Type C
- C. Type E
- D. Type F
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic prednisone use causing HPA suppression is a Type C (chronic) ADR , linked to prolonged exposure, not idiosyncratic , withdrawal , or failure .