Nokea
Which laboratory finding is most indicative of Addison's disease in this client?
- A. Elevated cortisol levels
- B. Decreased serum sodium
- C. Increased blood glucose
- D. Elevated potassium levels
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Addison's disease causes decreased aldosterone, leading to low serum sodium and high potassium levels due to impaired electrolyte regulation.
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To reduce or eliminate the symptoms that a client with functional hypoglycemia experiences, it is best for the nurse to recommend eating five or six small meals containing which nutrient?
- A. Simple sugars
- B. Complete proteins
- C. Complex carbohydrates
- D. Unsaturated fats
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Complex carbohydrates provide a steady glucose release, preventing hypoglycemic episodes.
After the test, the nurse provides the client with instructions. Which statement of the nurse is most accurate?
- A. You must remain isolated until the radiation level decreases sufficiently.
- B. You're free to go without further precautionary instructions.
- C. You must follow special precautions for a short period of time.
- D. You'll be given an antidote to reduce the radioactivity level.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A radioactive iodine uptake test involves low levels of radiation, requiring short-term precautions such as avoiding close contact with others.
Which endocrine disorder should the nurse assess for in the client who has a closed head injury with increased intracranial pressure?
- A. Pheochromocytoma.
- B. Diabetes insipidus.
- C. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
- D. Gynecomastia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Closed head injuries with increased intracranial pressure can impair the pituitary gland, leading to diabetes insipidus (DI) due to reduced antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, causing polyuria and dehydration. Pheochromocytoma, Hashimoto’s, and gynecomastia are unrelated to head trauma.
The nurse is caring for the client with Addisonian crisis. Which clinical change should indicate to the nurse that the therapy is effective?
- A. Increase of 25 mm Hg in the client's blood pressure
- B. Decrease of 25 mm Hg in the systolic blood pressure
- C. Increase in serum potassium from 3.4 to 5.8 mEq/dL
- D. Decrease in serum sodium from 146 to 136 mEq/L
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An increase in BP indicates effective therapy by correcting hypotension from sodium and water depletion.
An 18-year-old female client, 5'4 tall, weighing 113 kg, comes to the clinic for a nonhealing wound on her lower leg, which she has had for two (2) weeks. Which disease process should the nurse suspect the client has developed?
- A. Type 1 diabetes.
- B. Type 2 diabetes.
- C. Gestational diabetes.
- D. Acanthosis nigricans.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Obesity (BMI ~44) and a nonhealing wound suggest type 2 diabetes, associated with insulin resistance. Type 1 is less likely, gestational diabetes requires pregnancy, and acanthosis nigricans is a symptom, not a disease.