Nokea
Which manifestation is more specific to occur in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) than other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
- A. primary bone marrow involvement
- B. intestinal involvement
- C. CNS involvement
- D. primary mediastinal involvement
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Primary mediastinal involvement is a hallmark feature of ALCL.
You may also like to solve these questions
Building a tower by a 22-month-old child requires
- A. visual-motor coordination
- B. uses objects and actions in combination
- C. gross motor to solve problems
- D. fine motor and symbolic thought
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At this age, building a tower involves fine motor skills and symbolic thinking.
A 9-year-old boy develops acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) one year after completion of therapy for soft tissue sarcoma at his right thigh. Which of the following chemotherapeutic agents is MOST likely the cause of secondary acute myelogenous leukemia AML in this boy?
- A. cyclophosphamide
- B. vincristine
- C. etoposide
- D. doxorubicin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Etoposide is known to be associated with secondary AML due to its potential to induce chromosomal abnormalities.
The nurse is seeing an adolescent boy and his parents in the clinic for the first time. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Introduce self.
- B. Make family comfortable.
- C. Explain purpose of interview.
- D. Give assurance of privacy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When meeting a new patient and their family for the first time, it is important for the nurse to first introduce themselves. This establishes a professional relationship and helps to build trust. By introducing themselves, the nurse demonstrates respect and initiates communication with the adolescent and their parents. It also sets a positive tone for the interaction and creates a welcoming environment for further discussion. The introduction should include the nurse's name, role, and purpose of the visit.
How does nosocomial pneumonia occur?
- A. In a healthcare setting
- B. Within 48hrs of admission to a healthcare
- C. In the immunocompromised host facility
- D. In a community setting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nosocomial pneumonia occurs in a healthcare setting. It is a type of pneumonia that is contracted during a hospital stay or other healthcare facilities. The risk of developing nosocomial pneumonia is higher in patients who are already hospitalized due to various medical conditions, surgeries, or use of medical devices like ventilators. The infection can be caused by different types of bacteria, viruses, or fungi present in the healthcare environment. Preventive measures, such as proper hand hygiene, infection control practices, and minimizing the use of invasive devices, are crucial in reducing the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia.
A client with lung cancer develops Homer's when the tumor invades the ribs and affects the sympathetic nerve ganglia. When assessing for signs and symptoms of this syndrome, the nurse should note:
- A. Miosis, partial eyelid ptosis, and anhidrosis on the affected side of the face.
- B. Chest pain, dyspnea, cough, weight loss, and fever.
- C. Arm and shoulder pain and atrophy of arm and hand muscles both on the affected side.
- D. Hoarseness and dysphagia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Homer's syndrome, also known as Horner's syndrome, is a rare condition that occurs when the sympathetic nerve supply to the eye and face is disrupted. In the case of lung cancer invading the ribs and affecting the sympathetic nerve ganglia, it can lead to Homer's syndrome. The classic triad of symptoms in Homer's syndrome includes miosis (constriction of the pupil), partial eyelid ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), and anhidrosis (lack of sweating) on the affected side of the face. These symptoms result from the disruption of sympathetic nerve pathways affecting the pupillary dilator muscle, the Müller muscle responsible for eyelid elevation, and sweat glands on one side of the face. Therefore, when assessing for signs and symptoms of Homer's syndrome in this client, the nurse should focus on looking for these specific manifestations.