Nokea
Which may contribute to otitis media?
- A. Exposure to cigarette smoke
- B. Allergies
- C. Upper respiratory infections
- D. Swimming
- E. Trauma
- F. Prolonged exposure to loud noise
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Otitis media is usually caused by an upper respiratory infection with gram-negative bacteria, such as Proteus, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas. In addition, allergy, exposure to cigarette smoke, mycoplasma, and several viruses may be factors.
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Which term describes the process when the lens of the eye changes its curvature to focus on the retina?
- A. Accommodation
- B. Constriction
- C. Convergence
- D. Refraction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ability of the lens to alter its curvature as it focuses on the retina is accommodation.
The nurse will provide which advise for a patient who has severe vertigo from labyrinthitis?
- A. Lean against a wall and not move the head forward until vertigo lessens.
- B. Bend at the waist and take several deep breaths.
- C. Drink an iced drink slowly.
- D. Lie immobile and hold the head in one position until the vertigo lessens.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lying immobile and holding the head in one position will lessen vertigo.
Four hours after a stapedectomy, the patient complains that hearing has not improved at all. Knowledge of which fact will the nurse use to shape a response?
- A. A large percentage of stapedectomies are not successful.
- B. It will take at least 10 days for the graft to heal.
- C. Hearing will not return until edema subsides.
- D. Hearing will improve after irrigation of the ear.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hearing improvement will not be noted until edema subsides and the packing is removed.
Which is a cause of cataracts?
- A. Long-term use of corticosteroids
- B. Hypotension
- C. Congenital from exposure to maternal rubella
- D. Diabetes mellitus
- E. Exposure to sand and dust
- F. Smoking
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Among the many causes of cataracts are long-term corticosteroid use, maternal rubella, diabetes mellitus, and smoking.
For which reason will the nurse encourage a group of teenagers to protect their eyes with dark sunglasses while using a UV lamp?
- A. The lamp can cause cataracts.
- B. The lamp can cause presbycusis.
- C. The lamp can cause keratitis.
- D. The lamp can cause ectropion.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The proteins in the lens of the eye are vulnerable to UV light and can develop cataracts.