Nokea
Which medication is prescribed to prevent uric acid stones?
- A. Hydrochlorothiazide.
- B. Allopurinol.
- C. Potassium citrate.
- D. Acetaminophen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol reduces uric acid levels, preventing stone formation.
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A client with peripheral vascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease takes theophylline (Theo-Dur) 200 mg twice daily every day. The physician is considering adding pentoxifylline (Trental) to the regimen. The nurse should be aware that:
- A. The combination may increase the risk of bleeding
- B. The combination may increase theophylline levels
- C. The combination may cause severe hypotension
- D. The combination is contraindicated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pentoxifylline may increase theophylline levels by inhibiting its metabolism, potentially leading to toxicity (e.g., nausea, tachycardia). The nurse should monitor theophylline levels and symptoms. Bleeding risk, severe hypotension, or contraindication are not documented interactions.
The nurse is assessing a client with heart failure who is receiving home health care monitoring using electronic devices including scales, blood pressure monitoring, and structured questions to which the client responds daily on a touch-screen monitor. The nurse reviews data obtained within the last 3 days. The nurse calls the client to follow up. The nurse should ask the client which of the following first:
- A. How are you feeling today?'
- B. Are you having shortness of breath?'
- C. Did you calibrate the scales before using them?'
- D. How much fluid did you drink during the last 24 hours?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 5-lb weight gain in 3 days and rising blood pressure suggest fluid retention. Asking about shortness of breath first assesses for pulmonary edema, a serious complication.
The client has returned to the surgery unit from the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU). The client's respirations are rapid and shallow, the pulse is 120, and the blood pressure is 88/52. The client's level of consciousness is deteriorating. The nurse should do which of the following first?
- A. Call the Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).
- B. Call the primary care physician.
- C. Call the respiratory therapist.
- D. Call the Rapid Response Team.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rapid, shallow respirations, tachycardia, hypotension, and deteriorating consciousness suggest shock or respiratory distress. Calling the Rapid Response Team ensures immediate intervention.
Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the expected course of Ménière'sdisease?
- A. The disease process will gradually extend to the eyes.
- B. Control of the episodes is usually possible, but a cure is not yet available.
- C. Continued medication therapy will cure the disease.
- D. Bilateral deafness is an inevitable outcome of the disease.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ménière'sdisease is a chronic condition with no cure, but episodes can often be managed with medications, diet, and lifestyle changes, though hearing loss may progress over time.
For a client with rib fractures and a pneumothorax, the physician prescribes morphine sulfate, 1 to 2 mg/hour, given I.V. as needed for pain. The nursing care goal is to provide adequate pain control so that the client can breathe effectively. Which of the following outcomes would indicate successful achievement of this goal?
- A. Pain rating of 0 on a scale of 0 to 10 by the client.
- B. Respiratory rate of 26 breaths/minute.
- C. PaO2 of 70 mm Hg.
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A pain rating of 0 indicates adequate pain control, enabling effective breathing. A respiratory rate of 26 is elevated, and a PaO2 of 70 mm Hg suggests mild hypoxemia, neither confirming pain control.